长期高海拔暴露对大鼠不同肠段肠道菌群组成的影响  

Effects of long-term high-altitude exposure on the composition of gut microflora in different intestinal segments of rats

作　　者：赵志芳 张栩绯 孙宁 李昊 马海林[2] ZHAO Zhi-fang;ZHANG Xu-fei;SUN Ning;LI Hao;MA Hai-lin(Department of Gastroenterology,Guizhou Provincial People′s Hospital,Guiyang 550000,China;lateau Brain Science Research Centre,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;School of Animal Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省人民医院消化内科,550000 [2]西藏大学高原脑科学研究中心,850000 [3]四川农业大学动物医学院,610000

出　　处：《现代消化及介入诊疗》2024年第5期552-559,共8页Modern Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment in Gastroenterology

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委员会科技基金项目(gzwkj2024-233);贵州省人民医院青年基金项目(GZSYQN202207);贵州省科技计划项目(ZK[2024]455)。

摘　　要：目的探讨长期高海拔暴露对大鼠不同肠段肠道菌群组成和结构的影响,并对其关键受影响肠段进行初步探索。方法将6周龄SD大鼠随机分为对照组(Control组)与高原暴露组(HA组)。HA组暴露于模拟海拔3500~4000 m的低压氧舱中20周。20周后使用高通量16s rRNA测序对两组大鼠进行微生物组分析,并确定十二指肠、空肠、回肠与结肠菌群群落的核心变化。结果高原缺氧环境下,结肠微生物丰富度显著降低,前肠微生物丰富度和多样性无明显变化,结肠的AVD值高于其他肠段,且在高原长期暴露处理后趋向更稳定;在Bray-curtis距离下,回肠与结肠的菌群结构在Control组与HA组之间有显著差异,而十二指肠和空肠则无显著变化;所有肠段的主要菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),但优势菌属在不同肠段和处理组中有所不同,其中乳杆菌属对菌群变化有较高贡献;回肠的菌属互作网络复杂度高于其他肠段,而结肠的菌属互作关系最少;空肠与回肠主要由丰富类群组成,而结肠的丰富类群占比明显减少,主要为条件稀有类群。十二指肠在Control组与HA组中类群组成有所差异。结论高原长期暴露显著重塑了大鼠回肠及结肠中的肠道菌群组成和结构,尤其是回肠的菌群变化最为明显。回肠的菌群结构在高原缺氧条件下表现出较低的复杂度和关键菌属的突出作用,尤其是乳杆菌属的变化,暗示其具有较高的研究价值。Objective To investigate the effects of long-term high altitude exposure on the composition and structure of the gut microbiota in rats in different intestinal segments,and to explore the key affected intestinal segments initially.Methods Six-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group(Control group)and a high altitude exposed group(HA group).The HA group was exposed to a low-pressure oxygen chamber at a simulated altitude of 3500-4000 m for 20 weeks,after which the microbiomes of both groups were analysed using high-throughput 16s rRNA sequencing and core changes in the duodenal,jejunal,ileal and colonic microflora communities were determined.Results The microbial abundance of the colon was significantly reduced in the hypoxic environment of high altitude,the microbial abundance and diversity of the foregut did not change significantly,and the AVD value of the colon was higher than that of the other intestinal segments,and it tended to be more stable after prolonged exposure to treatment in high altitude;At the Bray-curtis distance,the Microbial structure of the ileum and colon was significantly different between the Control and HA groups,whereas the duodenum and jejunum showed no significant changes;The predominant phylum in all intestinal segments was Firmicutes,but the dominant phyla varied in different intestinal segments and treatment groups,with Lactobacillus spp.contributing highly to the changes in the gut microflora;the complexity of the phylogenetic network of the ileum was higher than that of the other intestinal segments,whereas the colon had the fewest phylogenetic interactions;the jejunum and the ileum consisted mainly of abundant taxa,whereas the colon had a significantly smaller proportion of abundant taxa,mainly Conditionally rare taxa.The duodenum differed in taxa composition between the Control and HA groups.Conclusion High-altitude hypoxia can affect the microecological environment of the ileum and colon by remodelling the composition and structure of the intestinal micro

关 键 词：脑-肠轴理论 肠道菌群 高海拔暴露 

分 类 号：R349.6[医药卫生—基础医学] R574