超低温脱硝催化剂的抗水/硫/硝铵中毒研究进展  

Research advances in anti-water/sulfur/ammonium nitrate poisoningof ultra-low temperature denitrification catalysts

作　　者：安冬琦 程倩妮 宋旺 赵勇刚 孙敬方 汤常金 董林[1,2] AN Dongqi;CHENG Qianni;SONG Wang;ZHAO Yonggang;SUN Jingfang;TANG Changjin;DONG Lin(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Ningtian Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210019,China;Center of Modern Analysis,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology,School of Environment,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学化学化工学院江苏省机动车尾气污染控制重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [2]南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210023 [3]江苏宁天环境科技有限公司,江苏南京210019 [4]南京大学现代分析中心,江苏南京210023 [5]南京师范大学环境学院江苏省环境风险防控与应急响应技术工程研究中心,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2024年第4期123-135,共13页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：江苏省杰出青年基金资助项目(BK20230007);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(22202100);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(22276097)。

摘　　要：氮氧化物(NO_(x))的深度减排是我国大气环保领域的一项紧迫任务,以氨为还原剂的选择性催化还原(SCR)是工业烟气NO_(x)治理的主流技术。随着脱硝重心由燃煤电厂向钢铁、水泥等非电行业转移,脱硝催化剂的工作温度也出现低温化发展的转变趋势,特别是经湿法或半干法脱硫处理后,烟温多低于150℃。在此背景下,如何实现脱硝催化剂的长效稳定运行是SCR技术应用面临的一项严峻挑战。温度降低不仅会加剧水、硫中毒失活,还容易产生新的硝铵盐沉积问题。从温度降低带来的脱硝催化剂性能变化出发,在对不同干扰物种(H_(2)O、SO_(2)、NH_(4)NO_(3))诱导催化剂失活及其特征作简要介绍的基础上,重点从脱硝催化剂结构调变、组合净化工艺选择以及反应气氛调控等角度,对现有抗水/硫/硝铵中毒策略进行归纳总结,并探讨其抗中毒机理。最后,结合实际应用需求,对超低温脱硝催化剂抗中毒研究的未来发展方向进行了展望。The strict control of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))is an urgent task for improving China′s air quality,and selective catalytic reduction(SCR)with ammonia represents the dominant method for treatment of NO_(x) exhaust from industries.As the focus of SCR denitrification shifts from thermal power plants to non-electric industries such as steel and cement kilns,the overall working temperature of SCR shows an obvious shift to lower temperatures.Specifically,the flue gas temperature for denitrification is usually below 150℃when a desulfurization treatment is pre-installed.Under these circumstances,achieving long-term and stable operation of denitrification catalysts becomes a pivotal challenge for the application of SCR technology.A decrease in reaction temperature can exacerbate not only water and sulfur poisoning but also induce new deactivation problems due to ammonium nitrate deposition.Therefore,this comprehensive review presents the research progress on the poisoning resistance of SCR catalysts under ultra-low temperatures.The paper starts with introducing the changes in denitrification performance caused by temperature reduction.After briefly describing catalyst deactivation and its characteristics,the main focus is on the developed poisoning resistance strategies against water/sulfur/ammonium nitrate.These strategies are discussed from the perspectives of denitrification catalyst structure modulation,combined purification process selection,and regulation of the reaction atmosphere.Furthermore,we introduce the research progress on anti-poisoning strategies and provide a discussion of anti-poisoning mechanism.Finally,considering the practical application requirements,a prospect for the future development direction of poisoning resistance studies in ultra-low temperature denitrification is presented.

关 键 词：选择性催化还原 超低温脱硝 脱硝催化剂 抗中毒 硝铵 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]