气流辅助的静电纺丝技术研究进展  

Research progress in airflow-assisted electrospinning

作　　者：刘德龙 王红霞[1] 林童[1] LIU Delong;WANG Hongxia;LIN Tong(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第8期44-53,共10页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52273253)。

摘　　要：近年来,通过引入外部气流来增强静电纺使纳米纤维生产能力取得了显著进展,气流辅助不仅提高了静电纺丝效率,还改善了纤维的取向、堆积密度甚至形貌,已逐渐发展成为一种先进的纳米纤维制造方法。不同的气流施加方式,对静电纺丝过程具有不同的效果,结合不同的静电纺丝模式,使其展示独特优势,从而极大地丰富了静电纺丝技术。综述了气流辅助静电纺丝技术的研究进展,包括其基本原理、发展历程,讨论了具有代表性的气流辅助静电纺丝装置,如气流辅助的针型静电纺丝、气流辅助的无针静电纺丝、离心静电纺丝主要参数和理论模拟。对气流辅助静电纺丝技术存在的问题以及未来研究发展进行了展望。Significance Electrospinning technology has been widely used to produce a variety of nanofibers due to its ease of operation,compatibility with a wide range of polymers,and ability to control fiber morphology and dimensions.However,conventional electrospinning relies primarily on syringes and needles as spinnerets,resulting in low fiber yields and limited scalability.Currently,there are two main types of electrospinning technologies capable of large-scale nanofiber production:needleless electrospinning and air-assisted electrospinning.Both methods have received extensive research attention.Although needleless electrospinning has been extensively discussed in previous literature,there is a lack of summaries on air-assisted electrospinning techniques.Therefore,it is crucial to review the development status of air-assisted electrospinning technology to improve the large-scale production capabilities of electrospun fibers.Progress Over the past decades,many studies have been devoted to improving the productivity of electrospinning for nanofiber production.Two main types of electrospinning technologies have potential for the mass production of nanofibers:needleless electrospinning and air-assisted electrospinning,each with its advantages.The latter offers increased productivity and refined fiber diameters.Introducing airflow into the electrospinning process creates additional forces on the jet that not only increase jet stretching and redirect the jet path,but also accelerate fiber solidification.As a result,fiber formation is accelerated,fiber diameter is reduced,and a unique fiber morphology is formed.These innovative changes also alter the fiber deposition location and fiber aggregation states,providing unique benefits.The airflow can be integrated in several directions,such as parallel,vertical,and reverse to the initial jet motion.Despite the difference in airflow direction,they all contribute to increased jet or fiber elongation.Various air-assisted electrospinning setups have been documented,including those bas

关 键 词：气流辅助 静电纺丝 纳米纤维 生产率 纺丝头 

分 类 号：TQ390[化学工程]