半球摄影法在石质文物现场调查中的应用研究  

Research on the application of hemispherical photography in the field survey on stone cultural relics

作　　者：杜之岩 脇谷草一郎 王金华 霍晓彤 马尔娜 DU Zhiyan;WAKIYA Soichiro;WANG Jinhua;HUO Xiaotong;MA Erna(China Academy of Cultural Heritage,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties,Nara 6308577,Japan;Helan Mountain Rock Art Management Office of Yinchuan,Yinchuan 750011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国文化遗产研究院,北京100029 [2]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系,上海200433 [3]奈良文化财研究所,日本奈良6308577 [4]银川市贺兰山岩画管理处,宁夏银川750011

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2024年第4期159-167,共9页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC1523400)资助;重庆市自然科学资金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0903)资助。

摘　　要：在研究石质文物病害形成机理时,掌握太阳辐射长期变化情况对其影响是重要的调查项目。但目前多数相关调查研究只能依靠建立环境监测站来实现。半球摄影法是一种快速测量天空开阔度的方法,在生态学等学科中被广泛使用。通过对日本、国内两处石质文物保护实际现场调查,半球摄影法被证明可以有效应用于环境监测装置选点,判断太阳位置变化对石质文物影响,以及比较石质文物不同位置受太阳辐射的长期变化。该方法具有便捷、经济且高效的特点,可以作为辅助手段更多应用在石质文物保护调查过程中环境监测装置选点与判断太阳辐射影响的相关初步测量与数据分析中。An important part of a field survey is to clarify the influence of long-term changes in solar radiation on stone cultural relics when the deterioration mechanism of the stone is discussed.So far,most of the relevant surveys and studies could only be carried out by establishing environmental monitoring stations.Hemispherical photography is a quick way to measure the sky view factor and is widely used in disciplines such as ecology.Through two case studies of field surveys on conserving stone cultural relics in Japan and China,the hemispherical photography method has proved to be effective in selecting the locations for environmental monitoring devices,determining the effects of solar altitude variation on the stone cultural relics,and comparing long-term changes in the exposure of stone cultural relics to solar radiation at different locations.The method is convenient,economical,and efficient.As an auxiliary means,it can be used more for the preliminary measurement and data analysis of the selection of environmental monitoring devices and determining the effects of solar radiation during field surveys on stone cultural relics.

关 键 词：石质文物 太阳辐射 半球摄影法 天空开阔度 环境监测 

分 类 号：K876[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] X859[历史地理—历史学]