某煤矿粉尘作业男性工人慢性病影响因素分析  

Analysis on influencing factors of chronic diseases of male workers in a coal mine

作　　者：谢灵香 喻陆 莫枫欣 郑秋潼 陈颖君 沈天然 李律蓉 梁宝怡 蒋柳权 陈青松 XIE Lingxiang;YU Lu;MO Fengxin;ZHENG Qiutong;CHEN Yingjun;SHEN Tianran;LI Lirong;LIANG Baoyi;JIANG Liuquan;CHEN Qingsong(School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510310,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510310 [2]国药集团国药医疗健康产业有限公司(北京),北京100029 [3]西山煤电(集团)有限责任公司职业病防治所,山西太原030053 [4]广东省公共卫生检测与评价工程技术研究中心,广东广州510000

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第3期292-298,共7页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省公共卫生检测与评价工程技术研究中心(2019GCZX012);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515011357)。

摘　　要：目的分析某煤矿粉尘作业男性工人慢性病的患病情况及其影响因素。方法采用目的抽样方法,选择山西省某煤矿9782名男性粉尘作业工人为研究对象,收集其职业健康检查结果,分析慢性病患病情况及其影响因素。结果研究对象血脂异常、高尿酸血症、高血压、糖尿病的患病率依次为40.3%、30.7%、23.5%和5.6%。慢性病患病率为64.8%;其中,罹患1、2和3种及以上慢性病者患病率依次为36.5%、21.6%和6.7%。慢性病共病患病率为28.3%;其中,同时患血脂异常和高尿酸血症的患病率最高,为11.0%。二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄<40岁、吸烟、超重、肥胖和总工龄>20年人群罹患慢性病的风险更高(P值均<0.05)。无序多分类logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄<40岁、超重、肥胖和总工龄>20年均是罹患1种慢性病的危险因素(P值均<0.05);年龄<40岁、吸烟、超重、肥胖和总工龄>20年均是罹患2种慢性病的危险因素(P值均<0.05);年龄<40岁、吸烟、饮酒、超重、肥胖、其他工种和总工龄>20年均是罹患3种及以上慢性病的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论煤矿粉尘作业男性工人慢性病患病率较高,慢性病共病较为普遍;影响因素包括年龄、吸烟、饮酒、超重、肥胖、工种和总工龄;影响因素越多,罹患慢性病共病的风险越高。Objective To analyze the prevalence of chronic diseases and its influencing factors of dust-exposed male workers in a coal mine.Methods A total of 9782 dust-exposed male workers from a coal mine in Shanxi Province were selected as the study subjects using the purposive sampling method.Their occupational health examination results were collected to analyze the prevalence of chronic diseases and its influencing factors.Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia,hyperuricemia,hypertension and diabetes were 40.3%,30.7%,23.5%and 5.6%,respectively.The prevalence of chronic diseases was 64.8%.Among them,the prevalence of having one,two,three or more chronic diseases were 36.5%,21.6%and 6.7%,respectively.The prevalence of comorbid chronic diseases was 28.3%,with the highest prevalence of concurrent dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia of 11.0%.The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of chronic disease was higher in workers<40 years old,smoking,overweight,obesity and total working years>20 years(all P<0.05).The results of multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that workers<40 years old,overweight,obesity and total working years>20 years were risk factors for having one chronic disease(all P<0.05).The workers<40 years old,smoking,overweight,obesity and total working years>20 years were risk factors for having two chronic diseases(all P<0.05).The workers<40 years old,smoking,alcohol consumption,overweight,obesity,other types of work,and working years>20 years were risk factors for having three or more chronic diseases(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases is high and the comorbidity of chronic diseases is common among dust-exposed male workers.The main influencing factors were age,smoking,alcohol consumption,overweight,obesity,type of work,and working year.Workers with more contributing factors have higher risk of chronic comorbidities.

关 键 词：煤矿 粉尘 男性 工人 慢性病 共病 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]