煤工尘肺患者生命质量分析  

Analysis of quality of life of patients with coal workers′pneumoconiosis

作　　者：王小皙[1] 汪婷[2] 古文彬 赵奇[1] 王雪梅 邱翠娟 WANG Xiaoxi;WANG Ting;GU Wenbing;ZHAO Qi;WANG Xuemei;QIU Cuijuan(Institute of Public Health and Safety Monitoring,Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,,Chongqing 400042,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生与安全监测所,重庆400042 [2]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院,医学与社会发展研究中心,重庆400016

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第3期299-302,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：重庆市首批公共卫生重点学科(专科);重庆市卫生健康委医学科研项目(2022WSJK101);重庆英才计划“包干制项目”(cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0260)。

摘　　要：目的探讨职业性煤工尘肺(以下简称“煤工尘肺”)患者生命质量水平及影响因素。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择重庆市奉节县404名煤工尘肺患者为研究对象,采用《SF-36量表》调查其生命质量情况。结果研究对象生命质量得分为(63.1±12.1)分;其生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、活力、社会功能、情感职能和精神健康8个维度得分分别低于重庆市常模和全国常模(P值均<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,随着煤工尘肺患者年龄和尘肺病期别的增加,其生命质量均越差(P值均<0.01);居住地在城镇的煤工尘肺患者的生命质量好于农村患者(P<0.01);离岗煤工尘肺患者生命质量好于退休患者(P<0.01);吸烟、有并发症的煤工尘肺患者的生命质量分别差于不吸烟和无并发症者(P值均<0.01)。结论年龄、现居住地、从业状态、吸烟、尘肺病期别和并发症均是煤工尘肺患者生命质量的影响因素。Objective To analyze the quality of life and its influencing factors among patients with occupational coal workers′pneumoconiosis(hereinafter referred to as"coal workers′pneumoconiosis").Methods A total of 404 coal workers′pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed in Fengjie County of Chongqing City were selected as the study subjects using the convenient sampling method,and their quality of life was investigated by the SF-36 scale.Results The total score of quality of life of the subjects was(63.1±12.1)points.Their scores in the eight dimensions of physical functioning,role-physical,bodily pain,general health subscales,vitality,social functioning,role-emotional,and mental health subscales were lower than that of norms for Chongqing City and the nation(all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the total score of quality of life of the patients decreased with the increase of age and stage of pneumoconiosis(all P<0.01).The total score of quality of life of patients living in urban areas was higher than that of rural patients(P<0.01).The total score of quality of life of patients who had left their jobs was higher than that of retired patients(P<0.01).The total score of quality of life of smoking patients and those with complications was lower than that of non-smokers and those without complications(all P<0.01).Conclusion Age,place of residence,smoking,stage of pneumoconiosis,work status,and complications of pneumoconiosis were the main influencing factors of quality of life among coal workers′pneumoconiosis patients.

关 键 词：生命质量 煤工尘肺 吸烟 并发症 生理健康 心理健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]