我国职业卫生技术服务机构2023年工作场所现场采样与检测技能操作室间比对结果分析  

Analysis of external quality assessment in laboratory of workplace on-site sampling and testing skills in occupational health technical service institutions in China in 2023

作　　者：黄智峰 林佐侃[2] 王伟辉[2] 张子群[2] 吴川[2] 戎伟丰[2] 吴邦华[2] HUANG Zhifeng;LIN Zuokan;WANG Weihui;ZHANG Ziqun;WU Chuan;RONG Weifeng;WU Banghua(Henggang Public Health Service Center of Longgang District,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区横岗公共卫生服务中心,广东深圳518000 [2]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第3期320-324,330,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省职业卫生骨干培训项目(粤卫办函[2015]422号);深圳市龙岗区医疗卫生科技计划项目(LGWJ2022-113)。

摘　　要：目的分析职业卫生技术服务机构在工作场所现场采样及检测技能操作实验室间比对中存在的问题及其差异。方法以参加2023年矽尘现场个体采样操作技能考核比对项目(以下简称“矽尘采样考核项目”)、一氧化碳现场检测操作技能考核比对项目(以下简称“一氧化碳采样考核项目”)实验室间比对的全国108家职业卫生技术服务机构为研究对象,分析其实验室比对结果。结果参比机构矽尘采样考核项目合格率为98.1%;其中,省内珠三角地区参比机构不合格率低于省内非珠三角地区(0.0%vs 11.1%,P<0.017),事业单位参比机构优秀率高于私营企业(73.5%vs 40.0%,P<0.017),具备资质参比机构不合格率低于不具备资质参比机构(0.0%vs 13.3%,P<0.05)。参比机构一氧化碳采样考核项目合格率为79.4%;其中私营企业参比机构一氧化碳标准气(气袋)测量结果偏差>±20.0%比例高于事业单位(32.8%vs7.1%,P<0.017)。矽尘现场个体采样操作规范性方面,采样前有进行气密性检查、呼吸性粉尘采样头拆装和放置方向正确、能根据提供的呼吸性粉尘采样头选择正确的流量进行校准操作正确率偏低,分别为53.7%、33.3%和14.8%。一氧化碳现场检测操作规范性方面,比对人员现场测量结果换算准确方面正确率偏低,仅为57.8%。结论应进一步加强对广东省内职业卫生技术服务机构人员专业理论知识和实践技能操作培训,尤其是加强对省内非珠三角地区机构的职业卫生技术服务能力建设。Objective To analyze the problems and differences in workplace on-site sampling and testing skills in external quality assessment in laboratory among occupational health technical service institutions.Methods A total of 108 occupational health technical service institutions nationwide,participated in the external quality assessment in laboratory of the on-site individual sampling operation skills for silica dust(hereinafter refer to as"silica dust sampling assessment")and on-site detection operation skills for carbon monoxide(hereinafter refer to as"carbon monoxide sampling assessment")in 2023,were selected as the research subjects.The result of the assessment was analyzed.Results The qualification rate of the institutions for the silica dust sampling assessment was 98.1%.The unqualified rate of institutions in the Pearl River Delta region was lower than that in non-Pearl River Delta regions(0.0%vs 11.1%,P<0.017).The excellence rate was higher in public institutions than that in private enterprises(73.5%vs 40.0%,P<0.017).The unqualified rate of institutions with permit was lower than that of institutions without permit(0.0%vs 13.3%,P<0.05).The qualification rate of the institutions for the carbon monoxide sampling assessment was 79.4%.The proportion of the institutes,whose results of carbon monoxide standard gas(gas bag)deviation was>±20.0%was higher in private enterprises than that in public institutions(32.8%vs 7.1%,P<0.017).In terms of the normativity of on-site individual sampling for silica dust,the rates of conducting air tightness checks before sampling,correct disassembly and installation and correct placement direction of dust sampling heads,and correct flow for calibration based on the provided dust sampling heads were low,at 53.7%,33.3%,and 14.8%,respectively.In terms of the normativity of on-site detection of carbon monoxide,the accuracy rate of converting results by on-site detection individuals was low,at only 57.8%.Conclusion It is necessary to further strengthen the training of theoretical knowle

关 键 词：现场采样 检测技能 实验室间比对 质量控制 职业卫生技术服务机构 

分 类 号：R134.4[医药卫生—劳动卫生]