佛山市2013—2023年女工新发职业病特征分析  

Analysis of the characteristics of newly-diagnosed occupational diseases among female workers in Foshan City,2013-2023

作　　者：许志恒 钟清华 黄永顺[3] 邓娜 谢迎庆 谭强 XU Zhiheng;ZHONG Qinghua;HUANG Yongshun;DENG Na;XIE Yingqing;TAN Qiang(Foshan Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control(Foshan Institute of Occupational Health),Foshan,Guangdong 528000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]佛山市职业病防治所(佛山市职业健康研究院),广东佛山528000 [2]广东医科大学,广东东莞523000 [3]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第3期336-340,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金(B2023183);广东省职业卫生骨干培训项目;佛山市医学科研项目(20220392)。

摘　　要：目的分析佛山市2013—2023年女工新发职业病特点。方法通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“职业病及健康危害因素检测信息系统”收集佛山市2013—2023年女工新发职业病病例数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析其分布特征。结果佛山市2013—2023年共报告女工新发职业病7大类17种218例。女工年龄、接触职业病危害工龄中位数分别为45.1岁和7.8年。新发病例数居前3位的职业病类别分别是职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病(90例全部为职业性噪声聋)、职业性化学中毒(61例)和职业性尘肺病及其他呼吸系统疾病(51例,其中50例为职业性尘肺病)。75.2%的病例集中于南海区、顺德区和高明区。50.9%的病例集中在非金属矿物制品制造业、金属制品业、电器机械和器材制造业。企业分布主要以私营企业和外商投资企业为主,共占80.3%。企业规模以中、小型企业为主,共占79.4%。218例病例中群发型病例21例,分别为职业性矽肺16例、职业性急性正己烷中毒5例,共涉及6家制造业企业,81.3%的病例来自卫生陶瓷制品制造业。结论应将职业性噪声聋列为佛山市女工重点防治的职业病,注重非金属矿物制品业和中小型企业中中年期女工职业病的预防,同时防范群发性职业性尘肺病发生。Objective To analyze the characteristics of newly-diagnosed occupational diseases among female workers in Foshan City from 2013 to 2023.Methods Clinical data of newly-diagnosed occupational diseases among female workers in Foshan City from 2013 to 2023 were collected from the"Occupational Disease and Hazardous Detection Information System"subsystem of the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System",and their distribution characteristics were analyzed using descriptive epidemiology.Results A total of 218 cases of newly-diagnosed occupational diseases among female workers in Foshan City were reported from 2013 to 2023,categorized into seven categories and 17 types.The median age and median length of exposure to occupational hazards among female workers were 45.1 and 7.8 years,respectively.The top three categories of newly-diagnosed cases were occupational diseases of the ear,nose,throat,and oral cavity(90 cases,all related to occupational noise-induced hearing loss),occupational chemical poisoning(61 cases),and occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases(51 cases,including 50 cases with occupational pneumoconiosis).The newly-diagnosed cases were concentrated in Nanhai District,Shunde District,and Gaoming District,accounting for 75.2%.The newly-diagnosed cases were found in non-metallic mineral products manufacturing industry,metal products industry,and electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry,accounting for 50.9%.Enterprises of newly-diagnosed cases were mainly distributed in private enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises,accounting for 80.3%.The scale of enterprises of newly-diagnosed cases was mainly small-and medium-sized,accounting for 79.4%.Among the 218 cases,there were 21 cluster cases,involving 16cases of occupational silicosis and five cases of occupational acute n-hexane poisoning,involving six manufacture industries,with 81.3%cases worked in sanitary ceramic products industry.Conclusion Occupational noise-induced deafness should be listed as a key occupa

关 键 词：女工 职业病 职业性噪声聋 特征 行业 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]