大型环状钛合金铸件立式离心铸造螺旋形横浇道设计  

Design of Spiral Runner for Vertical Centrifugal Casting Process of Large Annular Titanium Alloy Castings

作　　者：冉兴 Ran Xing(AVIC Heavy Machinery Co.,Ltd,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]中航重机股份有限公司,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2024年第7期2049-2058,共10页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：两机重大专项基础研究(J2019-VII-0002)。

摘　　要：为提升立式离心铸造大型钛合金铸件冶金质量,采用模流分析方法探讨了直线形和螺旋形横浇道浇注系统对熔体充型流态的影响。结果表明,传统直线形横浇道中存在熔体贴壁分布的现象,且缩小浇道截面尺寸无法避免横浇道空腔吸气区的形成,此外横浇道内出现熔体堆积和反流,充型铸件型腔的熔体呈射流态。基于达朗贝尔原理分析了熔体质点在横浇道二维平面内的运动行为,揭示了质点运动轨迹与直线形横浇道结构不匹配是上述问题的主要原因。进一步探讨了离心转速和质点初速度对轨迹线形状特征的影响,提出了适用于大型环状钛合金铸件的螺旋形横浇道浇注系统设计方法,模流分析结果验证了螺旋形横浇道可有效地减少吸气和湍流倾向,平衡铸件充型流场并形成自下而上的充型次序。In order to improve the metallurgical quality of large titanium alloy castings by vertical centrifugal casting,the mold flow analysis method was used to explore the influence of linear and spiral runner systems on the melt filling flow state.The results indicate that there is a phenomenon of melt adhering to the wall distribution in traditional linear runners,and reducing the cross-sectional size of the runner cannot avoid the formation of the suction zone in the transverse runner cavity.In addition,the melt accumulation and backflow occur in the transverse runner,and the melt in the filled casting cavity is in a jet flow state.Based on the D'Alembert's principle,the motion behavior of melt particles in the two-dimensional plane of the runner was analyzed,which reveals that the main reason for the above problem is the mismatch between the particle motion trajectory and the linear runner structure.Further exploration was conducted on the effects of centrifugal speed and initial particle velocity on the shape characteristics of trajectory lines.A design method for a spiral runner gating system suitable for large annular titanium alloy castings was proposed.The mold flow analysis results verify that the spiral runner can effectively reduce suction and turbulence tendencies,balance the casting filling flow field,and form a bottom-up filling sequence.

关 键 词：离心铸造 浇注系统 达朗贝尔原理 数值模拟 模流分析 

分 类 号：TG146.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG249.4[金属学及工艺—金属材料]