我国西部高等教育政策的演进逻辑及高质量发展  

The Evolutionary Logic of Higher Education Policy in Western China and its High-quality Development

作　　者：李清煜 王书琴 LI Qingyu;WANG Shuqin(School of Education,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学教育学院,北京100872

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2024年第5期60-73,共14页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“西部高等教育全面振兴的内生力研究”(20BGL238)。

摘　　要：政策是主导西部高等教育发展的核心因素,高质量政策是西部高等教育高质量发展的前提与保障。基于历史制度主义的分析框架,可将西部高等教育政策的变迁历程分为以规模扩张与“外部输血”为特征的政策探索期(2001—2013年)、以质量提升与“输造结合”为特征的政策发展期(2013—2020年)、以内生发展与优化赋能为特征的政策完善期(2020年至今)3个阶段。其中,政策变迁背后的深层结构是区域经济不协调与区域协调发展战略不断推进的经济结构、行政体制改革与政府职能转变的政治结构,以及“西部”身份标签不断固化的文化观念结构;阻滞变迁的锁定效应包括政府主体政策选择的锁定与高校主体发展方式的锁定;推动变迁的动力是促进高等教育区域协调发展、服务西部经济社会发展和提供优质高等教育资源。高质量强调政策演进需要从问题解决与价值取向的维度对现有政策进行完善、升级或重构。立足新时代新阶段新要求,要以高质量政策推动西部高等教育实现高质量发展,超越单向赋能,探索循环发展;扭转悲观预期,强化特色发展;突破锁定效应,促进内生发展;激活长效动力,实现协同可持续发展。要在政策系统中重新认识和处理好高等教育全局与西部、西部内部、东西之间以及教育内外部4对重要关系,统筹兼顾当前和长远发展需求,办好人民满意的西部高等教育。Western higher education policy is the core factor dominating the development of western higher education,and high-quality policy is the prerequisite and guarantee for the high-quality development of western higher education.Based on the analytical framework of historical institutionalism,the change history of western higher education policies can be divided into three stages:the exploration period(2001-2013)characterized by scale expansion and external blood transfusion,the development period(2013-2020)characterized by quality improvement and combination of transfusion and creation,and the improvement period(2020-present)characterized by endogenous development and optimization of empowerment.The deep structure behind the policy changes is the economic structure of regional economic incoherence and the continuous promotion of regional coordinated development strategy,the political structure of administrative system reform and the transformation of government functions,and the cultural conceptual structure of the continuous solidification of the identity label of“west”;the locking effect of the blocking change includes the locking of the policy choices of the governmental subjects,and the locking of the development mode of the university subjects;the driving power for change is to promote the coordinated development of higher education in the region,serve the economic and social development of the western region,and provide high-quality higher education resources.High-quality is the inevitable approach to policy evolution,emphasizing the improvement,upgrading and reconstruction of existing policies from the dimensions of problem solving and value orientation.Based on the new era,new stage and new requirements,in order to promote the high-quality development of western higher education with high-quality policies,it is necessary to go beyond the one-way empowerment and explore the cyclic development,reversing the pessimistic expectations and strengthening the characteristic development,breaking through the lock-

关 键 词：西部高等教育 高质量发展 政策变迁 历史制度主义 

分 类 号：G644[文化科学—高等教育学]