与死亡打太极——临终患者及家属死亡应对策略的质性研究  

Playing Tai Chi with death:a qualitative study of death coping strategies of terminally ill patients and families

作　　者：阚吟诗 张晓天 徐天梦 宋静雨 龚霓 岳鹏[1] KAN Yinshi;ZHANG Xiaotian;XU Tianmeng;SONG Jingyu;GONG Ni;YUE Peng(School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Beijing,100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学护理学院,北京市100069 [2]北京大学第三医院护理部 [3]温州医科大学护理学院 [4]晋城市人民医院护理部 [5]暨南大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2024年第7期993-998,共6页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金项目(22BSH150)。

摘　　要：目的:探究临终患者及家属的死亡应对策略,为构建本土化安宁疗护服务模式提供现实依据。方法:采用目的抽样法及滚雪球法,对20名临终患者及21名家属进行半结构式访谈,运用解释现象学分析法和隐喻法进行资料分析和主题归纳。结果:包括五大主题:逃避、转折与迂回——掤手回掌;隐藏、忍耐与艰难决策——藏锋敛锐;平衡、摇摆与稳定——攻守衡之;柔和行为、转化表达——柔化而出;寄托、仪式与传承——顺势而为。结论:五大主题整合出临终患者及家属的死亡应对策略为“与死亡打太极”,研究结果为临终患者及家属的死亡应对提供了更多文化视角下的理解,建议未来在顺应优秀中华文化基础上构建中国特色安宁疗护实践模式。Objective:To explore the death coping strategies of terminally ill patients and families,and to provide a realistic basis for the construction of localised hospice service model.Methods:Semi-structured interviews with 20 terminally ill patients and 21 family members were conducted using purposive sampling and snowballing methods,and data were analysed and themes were summarised using interpretative phenomenological analysis and metaphorical methods.Results:Five major themes were included:①Escapes,Turns and Detours—Pushing the hand out and come back in;②Hiding,Endurance and Tough Decisions—Conceal spear and restrain sharpness;③Balance,sway and stability—Balance between offense and defense;④Soft Behaviour,transformative Expression—Softening out;⑤Sustenance,Ritual and Heritage—A vehicle for better remembrance.Conclusion:The five themes integrated death coping strategies of terminally ill patients and families as"Playing Tai Chi with Death".The results of the study provide a culturally-inspired understanding of coping with death for terminally ill patients and families.The results also suggest that a hospice practice model with Chinese characteristics should be constructed on the basis of conforming to the excellent Chinese culture in the future.

关 键 词：临终患者 家属 死亡应对策略 文化 安宁疗护 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]