住院患者下肢深静脉血栓形成预防的现状及其相关因素分析  

Current status and related factors of prevention of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized patients

作　　者：许琦[1] 杨春建[2] 陈春丽[1] Xu Qi;Yang Chunjian;Chen Chunli(Operating Room,the Second People's Hospital of Hefei,Hefei 230011,Anhui,China;Department of Vascular Surgery,the Second People's Hospital of Hefei,Hefei 230011,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥市第二人民医院手术室,安徽合肥230011 [2]合肥市第二人民医院血管外科,安徽合肥230011

出　　处：《血管与腔内血管外科杂志》2024年第6期729-733,共5页Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

基　　金：合肥市卫健委2019年应用医学研究项目(合卫科教〔2019〕172号);2023年度院级科研项目(2023ylc031)。

摘　　要：目的探讨住院患者下肢深静脉血栓形成预防情况及其相关因素。方法收集2019年12月至2022年11月于合肥市第二人民医院住院的86例中高危下肢深静脉血栓患者的临床资料,根据住院期间是否接受下肢深静脉血栓预防干预将其分为预防组(n=46)和未预防组(n=40)。收集患者的一般资料、诊断指标、手术指标、深静脉血栓预防措施实施情况、住院期间发生下肢深静脉血栓的情况、围手术期深静脉血栓风险的评估情况,比较两组患者住院期间下肢深静脉血栓的发生率,分析与下肢深静脉血栓预防相关的影响因素。结果预防组患者中骨科手术比例、使用风险评估工具比例、术后卧床时间≥3 d比例均高于未预防组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。预防组患者住院期间下肢肿胀发生率、下肢深静脉血栓发生率均低于未预防组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄≤60岁、未使用风险评估工具、非骨科手术、术后卧床时间﹤3 d均是不进行下肢深静脉血栓预防的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05)。结论临床中仍有部分下肢深静脉血栓形成的高危患者没有进行针对性预防干预,年龄≤60岁、未使用风险评估工具、非骨科手术、术后卧床时间﹤3 d均是不进行下肢深静脉血栓预防的独立危险因素,应引起临床重视,对高危患者均应积极开展深静脉血栓预防。Objective To investigate the prevention of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized patients and its related factors.Method Clinical data of 86 patients with medium-high risk lower extremity deep venous thrombosis admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Hefei from December 2019 to November 2022 were collected,they were divided into prevention group(n=46)and non-prevention group(n=40)according to whether they received prevention intervention of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis during hospitalization.General data,diagnostic index,surgical index,implementation of preventive measures for deep venous thrombosis,occurrence of deep venous thrombosis during hospitalization,and perioperative risk assessment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis were collected.The incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis during hospitalization was compared between the two groups,and influencing factors related to the prevention of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis were analyzed.Result The proportion of orthopaedic surgery,the proportion of using risk assessment tools,and the proportion of postoperative bed time≥3 d in prevention group were higher than those in non-prevention group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The incidence of lower extremity swelling and deep venous thrombosis in the prevention group were lower than those in the non-prevention group during hospitalization,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that age≤60 years old,no use of risk assessment tools,non-orthopaedic surgery,and bed rest<3 d after surgery were all independent risk factors for non-prevention of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(P<0.05).Conclusion In clinical practice,there are still some high-risk patients withlower extremity deep venous thrombosis who have not received targeted preventive intervention.Age≤60 years old,no use of risk assessment tools,non-orthopaedic surgery,and postoperative bed rest time<3 d are all independent risk factors for not impleme

关 键 词：深静脉血栓 风险 预防 Caprini评分 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]