湿法纺丝制备PAN/相变微胶囊复合相变纤维及其性能研究  

Preparation and properties of PAN/phase change microcapsule composite phase change fibers by wet spinning process

作　　者：陈清怡 曲美洁 李研洁 包若玉 陈永豪 王海[1] 唐萍[1] 宾月珍[1] CHEN Qingyi;QU Meijie;LI Yanjie;BAO Ruoyu;CHEN Yonghao;WANG Hai;TANG Ping;BIN Yuezhen(Department of Polymer Materials,School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院高分子材料系,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2024年第4期1-7,共7页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：国家重点发展计划项目(2022YFB3704600);国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC No.22073015);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(DUT23BK024)。

摘　　要：以聚脲包覆正十八烷形成相变微胶囊(MPCM)乳液作为相变改性剂,与聚丙烯腈(PAN)共混制备纺丝原液,通过湿法纺丝制备不同MPCM含量的PAN/MPCM复合相变纤维,分析了MPCM乳液的化学结构、粒径分布、热性能及热稳定性,研究了相变纤维的表面形貌、热性能、结晶性能、力学性能及热循环性能。结果表明:MPCM乳液固体粒子粒径分布均一,平均粒径为634.3 nm,在31.4℃和20.3℃发生相变现象,相变焓值可达166.0 J/g,具有良好的相变性能,且热稳定性较好;相变纤维粗细均匀,直径为175μm左右,随着MPCM含量的增加,纤维表面变得不光滑且有明显凸起的微胶囊小球;随着MPCM含量的增加,相变纤维的热性能明显提高,结晶性能及力学性能也有所提高;当MPCM质量分数为8.7%时,相变纤维的熔化温度为29.3℃,凝固温度为22.1℃,熔化焓为44.1 J/g,凝固焓为44.1 J/g,具有良好的热性能,且经50次热循环后的相变温度及相变焓值与经1次热循环后的基本保持一致,具有良好的热循环稳定性;当MPCM质量分数为8.7%时,相变纤维的断裂强度为0.52 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为35.01%,模量为1.19 GPa。The phase change microcapsule(MPCM)lotion formed by polyurea coating n-octadecane used as phase change modifier was blended with PAN to prepare spinning solutionv which was produced into PAN/MPCM composite phase change fibers with different MPCM content by wet spinning process.The chemical structure,particle size distribution,thermal properties and thermal stability of the MPCM lotion were analyzed.And the surface morphology,thermal properties,crystallization properties,mechanical properties and thermal cycling performance of the phase change fiber were studied.The results showed that the MPCM lotion exhibited a uniform particle size distribution and an average particle size of 634.3 nm,and the phase change occurred at 31.4℃and 20.3℃,with an enthalpy of phase change up to 166.0 J/g,indicating good phase change properties and good thermal stability;the phase change fibers had uniform thickness with a diameter of about 175μm;the surface of the fibers became uneven,with obvious protruding microcapsule balls,with the increase of MPCM content;the thermal properties of phase change fibers was significantly improved,and the crystallization and mechanical properties were also improved with the increase of MPCM content;the phase change fibers had a melting temperature of 29.3℃,solidification temperature of 22.1℃,melting enthalpy of 44.1 J/g and solidification enthalpy of 44.1 J/g when the mass fraction of MPCM was 8.7%,indicating good thermal properties,and the phase change temperature and enthalpy value after 50 thermal cycles were basically consistent with those after 1 thermal cycle,indicating good thermal cycling stability;and the phase change fibers showed a breaking strength of 0.52 cN/dtex,elongation at break of 35.01%and modulus of 1.19 GPa when the mass fraction of MPCM was 8.7%.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈纤维 相变纤维 相变微胶囊 湿法纺丝 力学性能 相变性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.31[化学工程—化纤工业]