氧化铝连续纤维用前驱体溶胶的制备和可纺性研究  

Preparation and spinnability of precursor sols for alumina continuous fibers

作　　者：武旺旺 张昭环 李玉娟 朱炳辉 袁继平 李然 陈睿 WU Wangwang;ZHANG Zhaohuan;LI Yujuan;ZHU Binghui;YUAN Jiping;LI Ran;CHEN Rui(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710048)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学纺织科学与工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2024年第4期16-21,共6页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52001245)。

摘　　要：以铝(Al)粉和六水合氯化铝(AlCl_(3)·6H_(2)O)为Al源、中性硅溶胶(SiO_(2))为Si源,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备Al溶胶,再经浓缩、老化制得可纺性前驱体Al溶胶,研究物料配比、反应时间、浓缩温度及时间对制备Al溶胶的影响,以及浓缩、老化和稀盐酸(HCl)加入量对前驱体Al溶胶可纺性的影响,并测试了可纺性前驱体Al溶胶的流变性能。结果表明:在80℃水浴、电动搅拌转速为1000 r/min的条件下合成固含量为20%的Al溶胶,较佳的物料配比为Al粉/AlCl_(3)·6H_(2)O质量比11,较佳的反应时间为3 h;将固含量为20%、动力黏度(μ)为20 mPa·s的Al溶胶在80℃下浓缩5.0 h,再在28℃下老化40 h,可得到μ约60000 mPa·s且具有良好可纺性的前驱体Al溶胶;在可纺性前驱体Al溶胶的制备中添加稀HCl可有效抑制溶胶凝胶化,25 g Al溶胶中加入稀HCl 1.5 g较为合适;可纺性前驱体Al溶胶表现为切力变稀的假塑性流体,在温度为25~35℃、剪切速率为0~1000 s^(-1)时,溶胶的μ为50000~70000 mPa·s,具有良好的可纺性。Aluminum(Al)sol was prepared using Al powder and aluminum chloride hexahydrate(AlCl_(3)·6H_(2)O)as Al source and neutral silica sol(SiO_(2))as Si source by sol-gel method and was exposed to concentration and ageing to produce spinnable precursor Al sol.The effects of feed ratio,reaction time,concentration temperature and time on the preparation of Al sol,as well as the effects of concentration,aging and dilute hydrochloric acid(HCl)addition on the spinnability of precursor Al sol,were studied.And the rheological property of spinnnable precursor Al gel was measured.The results showed that Al sol with a solid content of 20%was synthesized under the conditions of 80℃water bath and electric stirring speed of 1000 r/min,and the optimal feed ratio was Al powder/AlCl_(3)·6H_(2)O mass ratio of 1:1 and the rational reaction time was 3 h;Al sol with a solid content of 20%and a dynamic viscosity(μ)of 20 mPa·s was concentrated at 80℃for 5 h before ageing at 28℃for 40 h to obtain a precursor Al sol with good spinnability andμof approximately 60000 mPa·s;the addition of dilute HCl can effectively inhibit the sol gel in the preparation of spinnable precursor Al sol,and the appropriate amount of HCl was 1.5 g in 25 g Al sol;a spinnable precursor Al sol exhibited a shear thinning pseudoplastic fluid,with theμof the sol of 50000-70000 mPa·s at a temperature of 25-35℃and a shear rate of 0-1000 s^(-1),indicating a good spinnability.

关 键 词：氧化铝连续纤维 前驱体溶胶 溶胶-凝胶法 可纺性 

分 类 号：TQ343.41[化学工程—化纤工业]