土壤铅砷交互作用对花生体内铅和砷迁移转运的影响  

Effects of soil lead-arsenic interaction on the transfer of lead and arsenic in peanut

作　　者：谢新鑫 丁昌峰[1,2] 周志高 王兴祥[1,2,3] XIE Xin-xin;DING Chang-feng;ZHOU Zhi-gao;WANG Xing-xiang(CAS Key laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Experi-mental Station of Red Soil,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yingtan 335211,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室/南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院红壤生态实验站,江西鹰潭335211

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第4期872-880,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFC1604501);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13)。

摘　　要：铅(Pb)、砷(As)在我国受重金属污染的农田土壤中往往同时存在,研究其交互作用对作物体内Pb、As迁移转运的影响对于重金属超标农田安全利用具有重要指导意义。采用盆栽试验,探究了不同浓度梯度Pb(70、120 mg·kg^(-1))、As(40、100 mg·kg^(-1))两两组合处理下(CK、Pb70、Pb120、As40、As100、Pb70+As40、Pb70+As100、Pb120+As40、Pb120+As100),花生对Pb、As的富集转运特征。结果表明:与单一污染相比,低浓度As(As40)的存在对低浓度Pb(Pb70)处理下花生不同部位Pb含量无显著影响,但使得高浓度Pb(Pb120)处理下籽粒Pb含量降低17.6%,Pb总富集量无显著变化;高浓度As(As100)的存在显著降低了两个Pb浓度处理下花生各部位Pb含量以及Pb总富集量;复合污染下Pb从根系、茎叶、壳向籽粒的转运能力均下降。Pb70的存在使As40处理下花生茎叶As含量升高了18.2%,其他部位无显著影响,As总富集量升高了18.8%,显著提高了As100处理下花生各部位As含量以及As总富集量。Pb120的存在显著提高了两个As浓度处理下花生各部位As含量以及As总富集量;复合污染下As从根系、茎叶、壳向籽粒的转运能力均增强。总的来说,复合污染增加了籽粒中As超标风险,降低了Pb超标风险。土壤全量和有效态Pb或As含量均与花生各部位Pb或As含量以及总富集量呈极显著的正相关关系,同时土壤全量和有效态As含量与籽粒Pb含量表现为显著负相关,而土壤全量和有效态Pb含量与籽粒As含量无显著相关性。Lead(Pb)and arsenic(As)often coexist in agricultural soils polluted by heavy metals in China.The study on the effect of the interactions between them on their transfer within crop plants has important guiding significance for the safe utilization of heavy metals contaminated farmland.A pot experiment was conducted to examine the enrichment and transfer characteristics of Pb and As in peanut under different Pb(70,120 mg·kg^(-1))and As(40,100 mg·kg^(-1))concentration gradient pairwise treatments(CK,Pb70,Pb120,As40,As100,Pb70+As40,Pb70+As100,Pb120+As40,Pb120+As100).The results showed that compared with the single pollution,the co-existence of low concentration of As(As40)had no significant effect on Pb content in different parts of peanut under the low concentration of Pb(Pb70)treatment,and decreased seed Pb content by 17.6%while total Pb accumulation amount had no significant change under the high concentration of Pb(Pb120)treatment.The co-existence of high concentration of As(As100)significantly decreased the content of Pb in different plant parts and the total Pb accumulation amount under the two Pb concentrations,and the translocation factors of Pb from roots,shoots and shells to seeds decreased under the combined pollution.The co-presence of Pb70 increased the content of As in peanut shoots by 18.2%,having no significant effects on other parts,and the total As accumulation amount by 18.8%under the As40 treatment,while significantly increased the content of As in all plant parts as well as the total As accumulation amount under the As100 treatment.The co-existence of Pb120 significantly increased the contents of As in different plant parts and the total As accumulation amount under both the As concentrations.The translocation factors of As from roots,shoots and shells to seeds were enhanced under combined pollution.Generally speaking,the risk of As exceeding food safety standard was increased and the risk of Pb exceeding food safety standard in peanut seeds was decreased under combined pollution.Soil total Pb

关 键 词：复合污染 交互作用 铅 砷 花生 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]