PEMFCs金属极板表面改性MAX相涂层的制备与应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Synthesis and Applications of MAX Phase Coatings for Metal Bipolar Plates in PEMFCs

作　　者：张家阅 马冠水 王开杭 李淑钰 李昊 陈嫦颖 王振玉 汪爱英[2] ZHANG Jiayue;MA Guanshui;WANG Kaihang;LI Shuyu;LI Hao;CHEN Changying;WANG Zhenyu;WANG Aiying(School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Ningbo University,Zhejiang Ningbo 315211,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies,Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Zhejiang Ningbo 315201,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学材料科学与化学工程学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所中国科学院海洋新材料与应用技术重点实验室,浙江宁波315201

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第15期1-20,33,共21页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(52025014);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LD24E010003);宁波市自然科学基金(2023J410)。

摘　　要：金属双极板是质子交换膜燃料电池系统的关键组件,但在酸性环境中易腐蚀、导电性能退化、寿命短。Mn+1AXn(MAX)相涂层作为具备金属高导电性和陶瓷耐蚀抗氧化性的材料,在改性金属双极板涂层研究中备受关注。综述了金属双极板表面防护MAX相涂层材料与应用技术的最新研究进展。MAX相涂层的制备方法多样,包括化学气相沉积、物理气相沉积、固相反应和喷涂制备等方法。针对不同的制备方法,详细描述了MAX相涂层的制备过程,并阐述了不同制备方法对MAX相涂层材料的表面形貌和微观结构间的影响变化。特别关注了MAX相涂层在质子交换膜燃料电池中的应用,并重点分析了以Ti-Al-C、Ti-Si-C和Cr-Al-C为代表的MAX相涂层。通过电化学腐蚀测试来测量涂层在酸性环境中的腐蚀速率,以及涂层腐蚀前后的界面接触电阻测试,对涂层导电耐蚀性能的变化等进行了详细阐述。同时,对MAX相涂层的导电耐蚀机制及表/界面服役损伤机理进行了深入分析。从涂层的元素组成、晶体结构和第一性原理等方面,揭示了涂层中元素分布和相互作用对导电性能的影响。此外,还分析了晶化程度、钝化膜成分差异和原子取向等因素对涂层耐蚀性能的影响。最后,围绕目前双极板表面MAX相涂层在实际应用中存在的问题进行了探讨,并提出了未来研究的重点方向。Among the various fuel cells,proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have been widely used because of their high efficiency,zero emission and environmental protection.Metal bipolar plates play an important role in electronic connection,backbone for membrane electrode assembly,water management transmission and gas flow channels in the PEMFCs.However,the dissolution and corrosion of the metal bipolar plates are inevitable under high temperature and acidic conditions.Recently,the surface coating technology has been identified as one of the promising and facile strategy to enhance the protective functions for various metal bipolar plates.At present,various coatings have been developed to modify the electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance of bipolar plates(BPs),including noble metal coatings,carbon-based coatings,metal nitride coatings,conductive polymer coatings and Mn+1AXn(MAX)phase coatings.The work aims to review the research progress on fabrication and applications of MAX phase coating for surface modification of metal bipolar plates.Different from the traditional transition metal nitrogen/carbide coating,MAX phases are a new class of ternary nanolaminate materials with hexagonal lattice structure,in which M presents an early transition metal,A is mainly from group A,and X is carbon or nitrogen.Benefiting from their unique layered structure and strongly controlled covalent,ionic and metallic bonding characteristics,MAX phases possess the unique characteristics of metal and ceramic materials,such as good electrical and thermal conductivity,as well as excellent corrosion resistance,heat resistance,oxidation resistance,etc.Currently,considerable pioneering studies have been carried out on the preparation techniques,structural characterizations as well as the industrial applications for MAX phase coatings in surface engineering.Therefore,different methods evolving with chemical vapor deposition,physical vapor deposition,solid-phase reaction and thermal spraying were introduced for synthesis of MAX phase c

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 金属双极板 MAX相涂层 导电性能 耐腐蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理] TB34[金属学及工艺—金属学]