孟德斯鸠犯罪治理思想探析  

Montesquieu's Thought of Crime Governance

作　　者：魏琼[1] 陈梓淇 WEI Qiong;CHEN Ziqi(East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学

出　　处：《犯罪研究》2024年第3期2-10,共9页Chinese Criminology Review

摘　　要：孟德斯鸠在犯罪与犯罪治理领域提出了独特的见解,他认为判定何种行为是犯罪应当依具体情况加以规定,并强调犯罪治理应当围绕制约权力、保障个人权利不受侵犯的原则展开。同时,他强烈反对过度使用重刑,极力倡导罪刑法定原则。这些观点构成了孟德斯鸠犯罪治理的核心思想,他进一步提出了一套制约治理权力与“刑、民、行”的综合治理体系,在依法治理的同时也认同良好的习俗与风尚在犯罪预防中的积极作用,从而达到有效预防犯罪和显著减少犯罪的双重目标。孟德斯鸠的这些观点不仅对后世产生深远影响,也为当代中国在犯罪治理领域提供了借鉴意义。Montesquieu put forward unique insights in the field of crime and crime governance.He believed that the determination regarding whether a behavior constitutes a crime should be stipulated based on specific circumstances and emphasized that crime governance should revolve around the principle of restraining power and safeguarding the inviolability of the rights of the individual.At the same time,he strongly opposed the excessive use of heavy penalties and strongly advocated the principle of the legality of crimes and punishments.These views constitute the core idea of Montesquieu's crime governance,and he further proposed a set of constraints on the power of governance and a comprehensive system of"criminal law,civil law and administrative law"governance.The positive role of good customs and practices in preventing crime and reducing the incidence of crime is recognized alongside the rule of law,thus achieving the dual goals of effective crime prevention and significant reduction of crime.These views of Montesquieu not only have a farreaching influence on later generations,but also provide a reference for contemporary China in the field of crime governance.

关 键 词：犯罪治理 法律思想 权利 权力制约 风尚 

分 类 号：D917[政治法律—法学]