高压断路器用CuW触头材料研究进展  

Research Progress on CuW Contact Materials for High Voltage Circuit Breakers

作　　者：贺小瑞 韩金儒 刘伟[1] 王亚锋[1] 杨伟卫 HE Xiaorui;HAN Jinru;LIU Wei;WANG Yafeng;YANG Weiwei(Xi’an XD High Voltage Apparatus Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安西电高压开关有限责任公司,西安710000

出　　处：《高压电器》2024年第8期63-76,共14页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：CuW合金已作为触头材料被广泛用作高压SF6断路器和气体绝缘组合电器中,其抗侵蚀性能决定着开关设备的使用寿命。CuW触头材料主要的制备工艺包括熔渗法和粉末烧结法,最新的研究进展发现熔渗CuW合金的关键点在于W骨架的连接强度,而液相烧结CuW合金的关键在于熔融Cu与W颗粒之间的润湿性,明确了两种工艺的研究方向;对基于铝热还原工艺制备CuW合金的研究进行概述,提出思路是进行前驱体的烧结,降低反应物的活化能,从而促进自蔓延反应的进行;同时总结了目前CuW合金的改性研究在于增强相的添加和变形加工,旨在对工业上技术改进提供指导,但如何更好地应用于工业上仍需要一定时间的探索;最后着眼于弧触头的整体研究,明确CuW和CrCu之间的结合强度是弧触头整体材料的关键因素,也对后续整体材料的改进与发展提供新的方向。CuW alloys have been widely used as contact materials in high-voltage SF6 circuit breaker and gas-insulated switchgear,and their erosion resistance performance determines the service life of the switchgear.The main preparation process of CuW contact materials include infiltration and powder sintering methods.It is found by the latest research progress that the key point of infiltration CuW alloys lies in the connection strength of the W skeleton,while the key of liquid-phase sintered CuW alloys lies in the wettability between the molten Cu and the W particles,which clarifies the research direction of the two processes.The research on the preparation of CuW alloy based on aluminothermic reduction process is described,and the proposed idea is to perform the sintering of precursor to reduce the activation energy of the reactants so as to promote the self-propagating reaction.At the same time,it is summarized that the current research on the modification of CuW alloy lies in the addition of reinforcing phases and deformation processing with the aim of providing guidance to the improvement of the technology on the industrial level,however,it still takes a certain amount of time on how to apply it in the industrial level.Finally,with focus on the whole research of the arc contact,it is clarified that the bonding strength between CuW and CrCu is a key factor for the whole of the arc contact material.Furthermore,a new direction for the improvement and development of the subsequent whole materials is provided.

关 键 词：CuW触头材料 熔渗法 烧结法 铝热还原 CuW/CrCu整体材料 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]