黄芩种子灌浆动态及其发芽特性研究  

Studies on filling dynamic and germination characteristics of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

作　　者：王宏霞 蔡子平 王国祥 彭云霞 WANG Hong-xia;CAI Zi-ping;WANG Guo-xiang;PENG Yun-xia(Economic Crops and Beer Raw Materials Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Gansu Chinese Herbal Medicine Germplasm Improvement and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory,Lanzhou Gansu 730070 China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院经济作物与啤酒原料研究所/甘肃省农业科学院中药材研究所/甘肃省中药材种质改良与质量控制工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2024年第6期1477-1479,共3页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(22ZY1QA001);西北中药材全程机械化科研基地建设项目(2109-000000-20-01-199092)。

摘　　要：目的研究黄芩种子的灌浆动态及其发芽特性,明确黄芩种子的最佳采收期,旨在为黄芩种子的采收标准提供科学依据。方法选取盛花期生长一致的2年生黄芩种株进行挂牌标记,从开花后第4天开始测定籽粒的千粒重及发芽率。结果两年生黄芩籽粒的千粒鲜重在花后26天时达到最大,之后迅速下降于花后55天时接近干重水平。籽粒灌浆速率呈现“快-慢-快”的规律,含水量在花后9天时达到最大,脱水速率随着灌浆的进程逐渐加快,并花后29天时达到高峰,之后逐渐下降。种子在花后17天内不具备发芽能力,之后持续到48天其发芽率和发芽势逐渐升高,二者与千粒鲜、干重均呈极显著正相关,而与含水量呈极显著负相关。结论黄芩种子的最佳采收期应在花后42至48天(8月底9月初),种子的含水量为11%左右时采收为宜。Objective To study the dynamic of seed filling and germination of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,and to determine the best harvest time of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi seeds were studied in order to provide theoretic basis for its seed standard production.Methods Cards were hung as a flower sign in triennium Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi plants cultivated during blossom.The 1000-grain weight and seed germination in the plants were measured in period time after 4 d following the blossom day.Results The 1000-grain fresh weight increased and got at the highest value on the 26th day following blossom,and then rapidly decreased to the level near its dry eight at 55d after flowering.The grain filling rate showed"fast-slow-fast"pattern,the water content reached the maximum at 9d after anthesis,the dehydration rate gradually accelerated with the process of filling,and reached a peak at 29d after anthesis,and then gradually decreased.Seeds did not germinate within 13 days after anthesis,and then germination rate and germination potential gradually increased until 48 days after anthesis.The germination rate and germination potential were positively correlated with fresh and dry weight per thousand grains,and negatively correlated with water content.Conclusion The best harvest time should be during 42~48d flowering blossom(late August and early September)during which the water content in the seeds should be about 11%.

关 键 词：黄芩 种子 灌浆 发芽特性 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]