晋城市秋冬季PM_(2.5)组分特征及来源解析  

COMPONENTS CHARACTERISTICS AND SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF PM_(2.5) IN AUTUMN AND WINTER IN JINCHENG

作　　者：郭前进 GUO Qianjin(Jincheng Ecological Environment Comprehensive Guarantee Center,Jincheng 048026,China)

机构地区：[1]晋城市生态环境综合保障中心,山西晋城048026

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第7期153-161,共9页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG-05-14)。

摘　　要：晋城市是我国重要的煤化工基地,近年来PM_(2.5)污染问题突出。采集了2018—2019年秋冬季晋城市3个监测站点的PM_(2.5)样品,分析了不同天气条件下的组分浓度(离子、元素和碳质)以及二次转化特征,利用后向轨迹探究了区域传输对环境空气的影响,并采用化学质量平衡模型进行了来源解析。结果表明:1)采样期间晋城市PM_(2.5)日均浓度为86.1μg/m^(3),污染天PM_(2.5)浓度(131.1μg/m^(3))是优良天(58.2μg/m^(3))的2.3倍,主要与污染天高湿静稳的气象条件有关。2)二次无机盐离子为晋城市PM_(2.5)水溶性离子的主要成分(83.4%),污染天二次无机盐离子的浓度(71.2μg/m^(3))显著高于清洁天(24.6μg/m^(3)),晋城市秋冬季SO_(2)向SO_(4)^(2-)的转化主要是非均相反应占主导,而NO-3的生成同时受气相氧化和非均相水解的影响;晋城市秋冬季污染天OC和EC浓度相比清洁天分别上升了88.5%和83.0%。后向轨迹结果显示,在不利气象条件影响下,1月来自晋城市东南区域的短距离传输气团加重了污染过程,体现了区域联防联控的重要意义。源解析结果显示,扬尘源(18.4%)、二次硝酸盐(16.5%)、燃煤源(15.9%)和机动车排放源(12.0%)是晋城市PM_(2.5)主要来源。因此,为有效降低晋城市秋冬季PM_(2.5)污染,需要加强机动车排放的管控,减少秋冬季期间燃煤源的污染物排放,降低NO2、SO2等二次污染物前体物的排放。Jincheng is an important coal chemical industry base in China,and its industrial economic structure is dominated by heavy industry.In recent years,PM_(2.5) pollution has become prominent in Jincheng.Atmospheric PM_(2.5) samples were collected from three sites in Jincheng in the autumn and winter from 2018 to 2019.This study analyzed the component concentrations(ions,elements,and carbon)and secondary transformation characteristics under different conditions.Backward trajectory was used to investigate the impact of regional transport on ambient air,and a chemical mass balance model was used to analyze the source of PM_(2.5).The results showed that:1)the concentration of PM_(2.5) in Jincheng was 86.1μg/m^(3) during the sampling period.The PM_(2.5) concentration in the polluted period(131.1μg/m^(3))was 2.3 times higher than that in the clean period(58.2μg/m^(3)),which maybe related to the high humidity and static stability conditions.2)secondary inorganic ions were the main component(83.4%)of water-soluble ions in PM_(2.5)in Jincheng,which had a higher concentration in the polluted period(71.2μg/m^(3))than clean period(24.6μg/m^(3)).The conversion of SO_(2) to SO_(4)^(2-) in autumn and winter in Jincheng was mainly dominated by heterogeneous reactions,while the formation of NO_(3)^(-) was influenced by both oxidation and heterogeneous hydrolysis.Compared with the clean period,the concentrations of OC and EC in polluted days increased by 88.5%and 83.0%,respectively.The backward trajectory results showed that under the influence of adverse meteorological conditions,the short-distance air mass from the southeast of Jincheng in January aggravated the pollution process,which reflected the importance of regional joint prevention and control.The results of source apportionment showed that dust source(18.4%),secondary nitrates(16.5%),coal combustion(15.9%)source,and vehicle source(12.0%)were the main source of PM_(2.5).Therefore,to further reduce the concentration of PM_(2.5) in Jincheng,it is necessary to strengthen th

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 组分浓度特征 源解析 机动车污染 燃煤污染 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]