铅锌冶炼渣基胶凝材料固化电镀污泥研究  

Immobilization of Electroplating Sludge by Lead-Zinc SmeltingSlag-Based Cementitious Material

作　　者：石燿铭 李东伟[1,2] SHI Yaoming;LI Dongwei(State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;College of Resources and Safety Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学资源与安全学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2024年第8期2961-2974,共14页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2011DA105287-MS202121)。

摘　　要：电镀污泥是含有各类重金属的危险废物。本文利用铅锌冶炼渣制备胶凝材料,评估该胶凝材料对固化电镀污泥效果,并阐明了有机聚合物对固化过程的影响机制。结果表明,在碱含量为3.5%(质量分数)、水玻璃模数1.4、液固比0.22条件下,铅锌冶炼渣基胶凝材料可安全固化2.5%(质量分数)的电镀污泥;与未加有机聚合物相比,加入有机聚合物后复合胶凝材料对电镀污泥的固化量提高一倍,同时抗压强度提高27.45%,此时总Cr浸出浓度从20.05 mg/L降低至13.65 mg/L,低于《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》(GB 5085.3—2007)规定的限值。固化体的矿物组成、微观形貌、化学键和原子价态分析表明,在铅锌冶炼渣中Fe(II)和有机聚合物共同作用下,能有效降低Cr毒性,提高重金属离子固定率。本研究为安全处置电镀污泥及综合利用铅锌冶炼渣提供了新思路。Electroplating sludge(ES)is a hazardous waste containing various heavy metals.This study aims to evaluate the solidification effectiveness of a geopolymer material prepared from lead-zinc smelting slag(LZSS)on electroplating sludge and elucidate the impact mechanism of organic polymers on this process.The results demonstrate that under the conditions of 3.5%(mass fraction)alkali content,a water glass modulus of 1.4,and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 0.22,the lead-zinc smelting slag-based geopolymer material can safely immobilize 2.5%(mass fraction)electroplating sludge.The addition of organic polymers enhances the immobilization amount of composite geopolymer material twofold and increases the compressive strength by 27.45%.At this stage,the total leaching concentration of Cr decreases from^(2)0.05 mg/L to 13.65 mg/L,which is lower than the limit specified in the Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Toxicity(GB 5085.3—2007).Mineral composition analysis,microstructure observation,chemical bond analysis,and oxidation state characterization of the solidified matrix indicate that the combined effect of Fe(II)in the lead-zinc smelting slag and organic polymers effectively reduces the toxicity of Cr and enhances the fixation rate of heavy metal ions.This study provides a new approach to the safe disposal and comprehensive utilization of electroplating sludge and lead-zinc smelting slag.

关 键 词：铅锌冶炼渣 电镀污泥 有机聚合物 抗压强度 重金属固定 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]