昌江石碌铁矿排土场边坡重金属污染土壤修复植物筛选  

Screening of Dominant Plants for Phytoremediation Potential in the Waste Dump of the Shilu Iron Mining Area Contaminated with Heavy Metals

作　　者：曾志良 黄钰洁 吴春标 谢云会 卢芙萍[2] 庄令 ZENG Zhiliang;HUANG Yujie;WU Chunbiao;XIE Yunhui;LU Fuping;ZHUANG Ling(Hainan Haigang Agricultural Tourism Development Co.,Ltd.,Changjiang,Hainan 572700,China;Environment and Plant Protection Institute,China Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forest Invasive Alien Pests,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Wenchang Modern Agricultural Development Service Center,Wenchang,Hainan 571300,China)

机构地区：[1]海南海钢农旅开发有限公司,海南昌江572700 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/农业农村部热带作物病虫害综合治理重点实验室/海南省热带农业有害生物监测与控制重点实验室,海南海口571101 [3]文昌市现代农业发展服务中心,海南文昌571300

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2024年第5期94-99,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(No.ZDYF2022SHFZ319)。

摘　　要：以海南省昌江石碌铁矿排土场边坡3种修复植物香根草、皇竹草和猪屎豆为研究对象,分析其种植1年后对土壤重金属的富集转移情况,以期为矿山优势边坡修复植物的选择提供参考。结果表明,种植3种边坡修复植物1年均可使石碌铁矿排土场土壤5种重金属砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、镍(Ni)、铬(Cr)质量分数降低,污染指数呈下降趋势。种植香根草可使As的污染程度从重度污染降为轻度污染,种植皇竹草可使Pb的污染程度从轻度污染降低为无污染。3种植物均对Cd具有较好的富集作用,尤其是香根草,富集系数达到4.19,表明其对Cd的富集作用最好;其次为皇竹草,富集系数为2.59;猪屎豆对Cd的富集作用相对最低,富集系数为1.52;Cd在香根草和皇竹草体内主要囤积于根部,但在猪屎豆中则主要转移至地上部分。3种植物对除Cd以外的4种重金属的富集系数均小于1,属于规避型植物,可作为矿区植被恢复的先锋植物。The slope of a waste dump from the Shilu iron mine covers a large area with severe soil heavy metal Arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),and lead(Pb)pollution.In this study,the enrichment and transfer capacity of three plant species such as Vetiveria zizanioides,Pennisetum hydridum,and Crotalaria pallida,to five heavy metals(As,Cd,Pb,Cr,and Ni)in the waste dump of the Shilu mining area were analyzed after one year of planting.The three plant species reduced the contents of five heavy metals in the soil of the Shilu iron mine waste dump,and the pollution indices of the five heavy metals also decreased.Planting V.zizanioides can decrease the pollution degree of As from heavy pollution to light pollution,and planting P.hydridum can reduce the pollution degree of Pb from light pollution to no pollution.Compared with those of the other four heavy metals,the three plant species had greater transfer capacities for Cd,especially V.zizanioides,with an enrichment coefficient of 4.19,followed by P.hydridum,with an enrichment coefficient of 2.59,and C.pallida had the lowest enrichment effect on cadmium,with an enrichment coefficient of 1.52.Cd mainly accumulates in the roots of V.zizanioides and P.hydridum but is mainly transferred to the aboveground parts of C.pallida plants.The enrichment coefficients of the three plants for four kinds of heavy metals(As,Pb,Cr,and Ni)except for Cd are all less than 1,indicating that they are of the avoidance type and can be used as pioneer plants for the remediation of waste dumps in Shilu iron mining areas.

关 键 词：铁矿 排土场 重金属污染 修复植物 

分 类 号：S152.1[农业科学—土壤学]