藜麦种质资源的茎秆性状评价  

Evaluation of stem traits in quinoa germplasm resources

作　　者：张永康 王树彦[1] 张锦豪 李佳娜 邢路虹 刘瑞香 郭占斌 Zhang Yongkang;Wang Shuyan;Zhang Jinhao;Li Jiana;Xing Luhong;Liu Ruixiang;Guo Zhanbin(College of Agricultural,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China;College of Desert Control En-gineering Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China;Inner Mongolia Yiji Biotechnology Co.LTD,Hohhot 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [3]内蒙古益稷生物科技有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：呼和浩特市应用技术研究与开发资金项目(2022-农-5);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0138);内蒙古自治区燕麦藜麦产业技术创新推广体系;呼和浩特市应用技术研究与开发资金项目(2023-农-1)。

摘　　要：[目的]藜麦种子具有全谷物高营养的品质,但倒伏是制约藜麦产量的重要因素之一,明确藜麦作物茎秆的抗倒伏特性,有利于筛选具有不同倒伏能力的藜麦品种(系),为藜麦抗倒伏育种鉴定、评价和创新提供理论依据。[方法]本研究根据株高、籽粒大小、倒伏特性和生育期长短选取22份供试藜麦品种(系)并对其生育期、茎秆表型性状、茎秆机械强度和生理特征共16个指标进行测定和分析。[结果]22份藜麦品种(系)具有较高度的遗传变异,14个性状的变异系数为12.39%~81.08%,倒伏指数的变异系数最大,纤维素含量的变异系数最小。多因素方差分析得出作物倒伏特性与品种(系)、生育期、机械强度指标三者具有显著互作关系。相关性分析发现弯曲力矩、倒伏指数与茎秆表型性状、机械强度指标具有显著或极显著相关关系。基于13个茎秆特性指标以及隶属函数均值进行聚类分析可将22份藜麦品种(系)划分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类为抗倒伏组,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ类群为易倒伏组。多元线性回归分析得出,11个茎秆特性指标与倒伏指数和倒伏率做回归,R2均大于0.85。22份藜麦品种(系)的隶属函数均值为2.21~1.47,倒伏率范围为18.13%~91.83%,倒伏等级为2~5级。[结论]22份藜麦品种(系)农艺性状遗传多样性较为丰富,可为藜麦种质资源的创造提供参考。倒伏指数和弯曲力矩对作物倒伏能力评价具有重要作用。综合分析后推测K157、W120为抗倒伏品系,Y4、W26为易倒伏品系。[Objective]Quinoa seeds are known for their high nutritional quality as whole grains,but lodging,the bending over of stems,is a significant factor restricting quinoa yield.Understanding the lodging resistance characteristics of quinoa stems is beneficial for screening the varieties(lines)with different lodging abilities,providing theoretical basis for breeding,identification,evaluation,and innovation in quinoa lodging-resistant quinoa.[Methods]In this study,22 quinoa varieties(lines)were selected based on plant height,grain size,lodging characteristics,and growth period duration.Sixteen indicators,including growth period,stem phenotypic traits,stem mechanical strength,and physiological characteristics,were measured and analyzed.[Results]The 22 quinoa varieties(lines)showed a high degree of genetic variation.The coefficients of variation for 14 traits ranged from 12.39%to 81.08%,with the highest variation in the lodging index and the lowest in cellulose content.Multifactor variance analysis revealed significant correlations between crop lodging characteristics and varieties(lines),growth period,and mechanical strength indicators.Correlation analysis showed significant or highly significant relationships between bending moment,lodging index,and stem phenotypic traits and mechanical strength indicators.Cluster analysis based on 13 stem trait indicators and membership function means divided the 22 quinoa varieties(lines)into three groups:GroupⅠ(lodging-resistant),and GroupⅡandⅢ(prone to lodging).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that 11 stem trait indicators had regression coefficients with lodging index and lodging rate,with R2 value greater than 0.85.The membership function means for the 22 quinoa varieties(lines)ranged from 2.21 to 1.47,lodging rate ranged from 18.13%to 91.83%,and lodging grade ranged from 2 to 5.[Conclusion]The 22 quinoa varieties(lines)exhibited rich genetic diversity ofin agronomic traits of 22 quinoa varieties(lines)was rich,,which could provide reference for the creation of qui

关 键 词：倒伏性 茎秆特性 倒伏指数 弯曲力矩 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]