基于线阵相机的水下射弹动态参数及超空泡演化过程测量方法  

A Line Array Camera-based Measurement Method for Dynamic Parameters of Underwater Projectiles and Supercavitation Evolution Process

作　　者：孙嘉伟 弯港[1] 顾金良[1] 徐明杰 孔筱芳 SUN Jiawei;WAN Gang;GU Jinliang;XU Mingjie;KONG Xiaofang(National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学瞬态物理全国重点实验室,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第8期2564-2572,共9页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：瞬态物理全国重点实验室基金项目(6142604210502);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(62201260)。

摘　　要：针对水下环境恶劣、光线条件差、难以拍摄并复原高速射弹运动姿态及其超空泡演化过程等问题,采用线阵相机的交汇测量原理,设计基于线阵相机的水下射弹图像采集系统、搭建基于双线阵相机的图像采集靶面,提出一种针对水下高速超空泡目标识别与弹形复原算法。利用超空泡射弹几何关系与相机标定数据推导出射弹过靶坐标、姿态角与过靶速度公式,搭建12.7 mm滑膛枪垂直发射入水实验,对系统的可行性进行验证分析。实验结果表明:该系统能够有效地进行水下射弹图像的快速采集,较完整的对弹形及空泡形态进行分离与复原,解算出射弹水下运动速度、姿态角及超空泡形态参数;系统解算出的速度与同时部署的高速摄像所处理的速度误差在1%以内,证明该系统具有较高的可靠性与实用性。To address the challenging underwater conditions,poor lighting,and difficulties in capturing and reconstructing the high-speed motion and supercavitation evolution of projectiles,a line array camera-based underwater projectile image acquisition system is designed.The system utilizes the principle of intersection measurement and incorporates a dual line array camera for image acquisition.An algorithm is proposed for underwater high-speed supercavitating target recognition and projectile shape reconstruction.The formulas for calculating the coordinates,attitude angles,and velocity of projectilepassing though a target are derived by using the geometric relationship of supercavitating projectile and the camera calibration data.A water entry experiment of projectiles vertically launched from a 12.7 mm smoothbore gun is conducted to validate and analyze the feasibility of the system.Experimental results demonstrate that the system can effectively and rapidly acquire the underwater projectile images,accurately separate and reconstruct the projectile shapes and cavity morphology,and calculate the underwater projectile s motion velocity,attitude angles,and supercavitation parameters.The velocity calculated by the system exhibits an error of less than 1%compared to the velocity obtained from concurrently deployed high-speed cameras,indicating the high reliability and practicality of the system.

关 键 词：水下射弹 高速摄像 线阵相机 弹形复原 超空泡 图像处理 

分 类 号：TP391.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]