基于人体解剖结构的防护装备性能及武器杀伤效能评估  

Assessment of Protective Equipment Performance and Weapon Lethality Based on Human Anatomical Structure

作　　者：贾益宁 温垚珂[1] 董方栋 覃彬 李子轩 郑浩 JIA Yining;WEN Yaoke;DONG Fangdong;QIN Bin;LI Zixuan;ZHENG Hao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;Science and Technology on Transient Impact Laboratory,Beijing 102202,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]瞬态冲击技术重点实验室,北京102202

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第8期2774-2783,共10页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2241273、11872215)。

摘　　要：为评估防护装备性能以及杀伤元冲击有防护人体时的杀伤效能,考虑到人体结构的复杂性,构建了基于中国可视化人体数据集、含有402种解剖结构的虚拟人体体素模型,提出基于解剖学结构的装备防护性能及武器杀伤效能评估算法,在易损性软件中开发了装备防护性能评估模块和武器杀伤效能评估模块,得到了5.8×42 mm步枪弹以不同速度冲击NIJⅢ级防护时的杀伤特征量变化,以及9 mm手枪弹冲击MICH型头盔时不同头-盔间隙与人员生存率之间的关系。研究结果表明:5.8×42 mm步枪弹以850 m/s冲击人体时,穿戴防护前后的致死率分别为80%和4%,弹丸杀伤能力随着靶速度的提升而提高,950 m/s时致死率超50%(未击穿);9 mm手枪弹冲击头部的情况下,无头盔时生存率约为40%,当佩戴头盔且头-盔间隙为25 mm时生存率约为84%,较大的头-盔间隙能更有效的保护头部;研究结果可为典型杀伤元(弹丸、破片)的杀伤效能评估和防护装备性能评估提供依据,并为武器弹药设计和防护装备研制提供参考。Considering the complexity of the human body structure,the human voxel model with 402 anatomical structures based on the Chinese Visible Human dataset was proposed to assess the performance of the protective equipment and the effectiveness of the killing element when it impacts on the protected body;An algorithm for assessing the performance of protective equipment and the lethal effectiveness of weapons based on anatomical structures was proposed.A module for assessing the performance of protective equipment and the lethality of weapons have been developed in the vulnerability software.Obtained killing characteristic quantity changes when 5.8×42 mm rifle bullet impacts NIJⅢprotection at different velocity;Obtained the relationship between different head-helmet gaps and human survival rate when 9 mm pistol bullet impacts the MICH helmet.The results of the study show that the lethality of a 5.8×42 mm rifle bullet impacting on the human body at 850 m/s was 80%(protected)and 4%(unprotected).The lethality of the bullet improves with target velocity(lethality rate>50%at a speed of 950 m/s);The survival rate is 40%when a 9 mm pistol bullet impacts the head(without a helmet),and 84%when wearing a helmet with 25 mm head-helmet interval.Therefore,a wider head-helmet interval provides more effective head protection.The study can provide the basis for the assessment of the effectiveness of typical killing element(bullet and fragment)and the performance of protective equipment,as well as a reference for the weapon design and the protective equipment development.

关 键 词：人员易损性 防护性能 杀伤效能 体素模型 评估软件 

分 类 号：TJ012.4[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]