硅肥不同施用量对苹果生长发育及果实品质的影响  

Effects of different application amount of silicon fertilizer on growth and fruit quality of apple

作　　者：魏佳峰 马新院 张瑞萍 WEI Jiafeng;MA Xinyuan;ZHANG Ruiping(Beijing Chenghe Jiaxin Agricultural Materials Trading Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100010;College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology,Tianshui Normal University,Tianshui 741001,Gansu)

机构地区：[1]北京成禾佳信农资贸易有限公司,北京100010 [2]天水师范学院生物工程与技术学院,甘肃天水741001

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第8期1814-1820,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为研究不同硅肥使用量对苹果生长发育及果实品质的影响,以九年生俄矮2号为研究对象,设置T1(融地美15 mL·株^(-1))、T2(融地美11.25 mL·株^(-1))、T3(融地美7.5 mL·株^(-1))和CK(不施肥)4个处理,于苹果萌芽前根施后,测定花牛苹果生长发育及果实品质等指标,探讨融地美不同施用量对花牛苹果生长发育及果实品质的影响。结果表明,施用融地美后,T3差异最显著(P﹤0.05),其新梢长、新梢粗、百叶重、百叶厚较CK分别提高了17.41%、13.51%、17.52%、11.68%,果实单果重、硬度分别提高了12.96%、15.20%,可溶性固形物含量增加1.370百分点,可滴定酸含量降低0.048百分点,叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率分别提高了10.84%、8.08%、5.25%、22.66%。综上,株施7.5 mL融地美硅肥能有效促进花牛苹果生长发育和提高果实品质,可在生产中推荐使用。In order to study the effects of different silicon fertilizers on the growth and fruit quality of apple,the nine-year-old Eai 2 was selected as the research object,and four treatments were set up,T1(Rongdimei 15 mL per plant),T2(Rongdimei 11.25 mL per plant),T3(Rongdimei 7.5 mL per plant)and CK(no fertilization).The effects of different dosage of Rongdimei on the growth and fruit quality of apple were studied by measuring the growth and fruit quality of apple.The results showed that after the application of Rongdimei,the difference of T3 was the most significant(P<0.05).Compared with CK,the new shoot length,new shoot thickness,hundred-leaf weight and hundred-leaf thickness were increased by 17.41%,13.51%,17.52%and 11.68%,respectively.Fruit weight,hardness,increased by 12.96%,15.20%,soluble solid content increased by 1.370 percentage points and titrable acid decreased by 0.048 percentage points;Leaf net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration and transpiration rate were increased by 10.84%,8.08%,5.25%and 22.66%,respectively.In conclusion,7.5 mL per plant Rongdimei silicon fertilizer can effectively promote the growth and development of apple and improve fruit quality,and can be recommended for use in production.

关 键 词：苹果 硅肥 生长发育 果实品质 光合特性 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]