深远海超深水钻井井控风险防控技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Well Control Risk Management Technology for Deep Sea and Ultra-deep Water Drilling

作　　者：李中 殷志明 田得强 LI Zhong;YIN Zhiming;TIAN Deqiang(CNOOC Research Institute,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院有限责任公司

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2024年第4期8-17,I0016,共11页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“深远海超深水钻井井控风险防控及安全保障关键技术”(编号:2022YFC2806504);中国海洋石油集团有限公司“十四五”重大科技项目“井控风险预警及应急关键技术”(编号:KJGG-2022-17);国家自然科学基金项目“深海钻井溢漏同存复杂地层—井筒压力耦合机理及智能联动调控机制”(编号:52274026);国家工信部项目“极地冷海安全高效钻完井设备及配套工艺关键技术研究”(编号:CBG2N21-4-2)。

摘　　要：海洋蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,开发海洋油气具有广阔的前景,但也面临着巨大的风险和挑战。尤其是深远海、超深水油气开采作业海域离岸远、自然环境恶劣、人员设施集中,一旦发生井喷爆炸等事故易产生连锁效应,处置不当将会造成人员伤亡、环境污染等重大生产安全事故,甚至可能引起外交争端。中国海油立足科技自主创新,通过理论研究和技术攻关,初步形成了深远海超深水钻井井控风险防控技术体系,包括深水钻井重大事故形成演化机理及场景推演技术,深海钻井溢漏同存机理及压力智能调控技术,超深水钻井风险智能监测预警技术和超深水钻井应急救援技术等。文章在总结上述井控应急关键技术研究进展的基础上,展望了行业未来的发展方向,提出了持续加强井控安全及应急救援能力建设,加快推进核心井控软件和装备国产化,持续提升深水钻井井控应急智能化水平等发展建议,以进一步推动深远海井控技术的发展和进步,为保障国家能源安全,实现海洋强国战略目标贡献力量。The development of offshore oil and gas has broad prospects,but also faces enormous risks and challenges,such as the deep water depth,long distance from platform to land,harsh environmental conditions and so on.An accident such as a blowout explosion on the platform could lead to very serious consequences including casualties,environmental pollution and diplomatic disputes.Therefore,the development of well control risk management technology in deep water is particularly important.Based on theoretical research and independent technological innovation,CNOOC has initially established a system of the basic theory and key technologies to tackle the challenges of far-reaching sea and ultra-deep water.This system incorporated several key theories and technologies including the mechanism of formation and evolution of major accidents in deep-water drilling and accident scenario re-construction technology,the co-existence mechanism of kick and lost circulation for deep sea drilling and intelligent control technology for well pressure,intelligent monitoring and warning technology for deep-water drilling,and ultra-deep water drilling emergency response technology.On the basis of summarizing the research progress of the above key technologies for well control emergency response,this paper puts forward the following development suggestions:continuous pursuit of well control safety,strengthening emergency response ability building,accelerating the localization of key well control software and equipment,and continuously enhancing the intelligence of deep water well control and emergency response technology,etc,which can further promote the development and progress of far-reaching offshore well control technology.

关 键 词：深远海超深水 海洋油气 井控风险 安全应急 

分 类 号：TE52[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]