高速运行齿轮泵的吸油空化与抑制  

Suction Cavitation and Suppression of High-speed Gear Pump

作　　者：杨胜清 冀宏[1,2] 李晨[1] 王素燕[3] 汤荣福 YANG Shengqing;JI Hong;LI Chen;WANG Suyan;TANG Rongfu(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050;Key Laboratory of Advanced Pumps,Valves and Fluid Control System of the Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050;Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545007)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学特种泵阀及流控系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050 [3]广西柳工机械股份有限公司,广西柳州545007

出　　处：《液压与气动》2024年第8期18-28,共11页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075233);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA23023012);广西柳州市科技计划(2022ABC0101)。

摘　　要：为揭示齿轮泵高转速运行时的空化发展规律,对装载机用大功率双联齿轮泵的吸油特性展开研究。通过全流域仿真模拟及试验,分析了转速、吸油压力对双联齿轮泵空化现象及输出流量特性的影响。结果表明,双联齿轮泵发生明显吸油空化的临界转速为2400 r/min,当转速大于2400 r/min后,泵内的气体含量骤增,严重影响输出流量的连续性和稳定性;双联齿轮泵的临界吸油压力为0.19 MPa,继续增大吸油口压力会增大泵出口的流量脉动,与入口为0.1 MPa相比,吸油压力为0.19 MPa时齿轮副1和齿轮副2的气体体积分数分别降低0.059和0.067,有效流量分别增大7.96%和9.24%。通过增压装置增加泵的入口压力,对齿轮泵空化的抑制以及有效流量的提升有明显的改善作用,具有工程实际意义。In order to reveal the development laws of cavitation during high-speed operation of gear pumps,the oil suction characteristics of high-power dual gear pump for wheel loaders were studied.The effects of speed and suction pressure on the cavitation and output flow characteristics of the dual gear pump were analyzed through full flow field simulation and test.The results show that the critical speed for significant cavitation in the dual gear pump is 2400 r/min.When the speed exceeds 2400 r/min,the gas content inside the pump increases sharply,which has serious impact on the continuity and stability of the output flow.The critical suction pressure of the dual pump is 0.19 MPa and the output flow pulsation will increase if the suction port pressure continues to increase.The critical suction pressure of the dual gear pump is 0.19 MPa.If the suction pressure is continued to increase,the flow pulsation of the pump would be also increased.Compared with the suction pressure of 0.1 MPa and 0.19 MPa,when the suction pressure at 0.19 MPa,the gas volume fraction of gear pair 1 and gear pair 2 decreases by 0.059 and 0.067 respectively,and the effective flow rate increases by 7.96% and 9.24%,respectively.By appropriately increasing the inlet pressure of the pump,there is a significant improvement effect on the suppression of cavitation and the improvement of effective flow rate in gear pump,which has positive engineering practical significance.

关 键 词：大功率双联齿轮泵 高转速 吸油空化 增压装置 空化抑制 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]