泄洪洞变底坡掺气坎掺气特性研究  

Study on aeration characteristics of variable bottom slope aerator of spillway tunnel

作　　者：宋凯 陈利强 张陆陈[3] 杨正丽[4] 叶俊荣 SONG Kai;CHEN Liqiang;ZHANG Luchen;YANG Zhengli;YE Junrong(Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;National Research Center for Dam Safety Engineering Technology,Wuhan 430010,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;College of Water Resources and Hydropower,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010 [2]国家大坝安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430010 [3]南京水利科学研究院水文水利与水利工程国家重点实验室,江苏南京210029 [4]四川大学水利水电学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2024年第8期78-83,共6页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

基　　金：长江设计集团自主创新项目“水库大坝安全评价信息化系统(二期)”(CX2023Z01-2)。

摘　　要：针对高水头小底坡泄洪洞采用常规挑(跌)坎存在的空腔回水现象严重、稳定性差、水头变幅适应性差等问题,通过模型试验的方法,结合如美水电站放空洞,对“挑坎+平缓坡+陡坡”的变底坡形式掺气坎进行系统研究,揭示了变底坡掺气坎各部位(挑(跌)坎、平缓坡段以及陡坡段)对掺气空腔的影响机理。结果表明:在水位大幅变化过程中,变底坡掺气坎对应的空腔充满回水的临界水头值为73.5 m,比常规掺气坎提高了29.4 m。研究结果可为高水头小底坡泄洪洞的掺气设施布置提供参考。In response to the serious problems of high head small bottom slope spillway tunnels with conventional flip bucket(drop bucket),such as cavity backflow,poor stability,and low adaptability to head variation,the variable bottom slope form of aerated bucket with"flip bucket plus flat gentle slope plus steep slope"was systematically studied through model test combined with the emptying cavity of Rumei Hydropower Station,and the influence of various parts of the variable bottom slope aerator(flip bucket,gentle slope section,and steep slope section)on the aerated cavity were revealed.The results showed that during the significant change in water level,the critical head of the cavity filled with back water corresponding to the bottom slope aerator was 73.5 m,which was 29.4 m higher than that of the conventional aerator.The research results can provide a reference for the layout of aerated facilities in high head small bottom slope spillway tunnels.

关 键 词：泄洪洞 变底坡掺气坎 小底坡 掺气空腔 掺气浓度 水头适应性 

分 类 号：TV13[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]