2型糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗态度和并发症风险感知的相关研究  

The correlation between attitudes towards insulin therapy and risk perception of diabetic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus

作　　者：李丽霞 王晓云 李旭霞[1] Li Lixia;Wang Xiaoyun;Li Xuxia(School of Nursing,Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong 030619,China;Department of Endocrinology,Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital,Taiyuan 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]山西中医药大学护理学院,晋中030619 [2]山西省人民医院内分泌科,太原030012

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2024年第21期1635-1644,共10页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：山西省科技战略研究专项(202104031402129)。

摘　　要：目的了解2型糖尿病患者并发症风险感知水平现状和影响因素,并探讨其与胰岛素治疗态度的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,选取山西省人民医院内分泌科于2023年3-8月入院的290例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、胰岛素治疗态度量表和糖尿病风险感知量表对其进行横断面调研。结果最终回收有效问卷270份。270例患者中男126例,女144例。2型糖尿病患者的胰岛素治疗态度总分为(67.08±7.42)分,2型糖尿病患者糖尿病并发症风险感知总分为(2.39±0.49)分;2型糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗态度总分及各维度得分与风险感知总分均呈负相关(r值为-0.73~-0.20,均P<0.05)。多元逐步线性回归分析结果显示,体质量指数、是否吸烟、糖尿病病程、伴发其他慢性病种类、是否接受过糖尿病相关健康教育、糖化血红蛋白是否达标(<7.0%为达标)、胰岛素治疗态度是2型糖尿病患者并发症风险感知的影响因素(t值为-15.12~8.69,均P<0.01)。结论2型糖尿病患者存在胰岛素治疗认知障碍,对胰岛素治疗持负面态度;并发症风险感知水平处于较低水平,且二者呈负相关。在胰岛素治疗过程中,医护人员应与患者进行充分沟通,建立积极的医患关系,解答患者对治疗的疑虑和担忧,提供必要的健康教育和心理支持,帮助患者树立正确的治疗态度,提高患者对并发症的风险感知水平。Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of risk perception regarding complications in patients with type 2 diabetes,and exploring its correlation with attitudes towards insulin therapy.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 290 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Endocrinology Department of Shanxi Provincial People′s Hospital from March to August 2023.A cross-sectional study was conducted using general information questionnaire,Attitudes Towards Insulin Therapy Scale,and a Diabetes Complications Risk Perception Scale.Results The 270 valid questionnaires were collected.There were 126 males and 144 females in 270 patients.The total score for attitudes towards insulin therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes was 67.08±7.42,while the total score for the perception of diabetic complications risk was 2.39±0.49.There was a negative correlation between the total score and dimensions of attitudes towards insulin therapy and the total score of risk perception in patients with type 2 diabetes(r values were-0.73--0.20,all P<0.05).Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that body mass index,smoking status,duration of diabetes,coexistence of other chronic diseases,receipt of diabetes-related health education,glycated hemoglobin reaching the target level(<7.0%as the target),and attitudes towards insulin therapy were influencing factors for the risk perception of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes(t values were-15.12-8.69,all P<0.01).Conclusions Patients with type 2 diabetes had cognitive barriers towards insulin therapy and held negative attitudes towards it.Their risk perception of complications was at a low level,and there was a negative correlation between the two.Throughout the process of insulin treatment,adequate communication was conducted by healthcare professionals with the patients to establish a positive doctor-patient relationship.Patients′doubts and concerns about the treatment were addressed,necessary health education and psych

关 键 词：糖尿病 2型 胰岛素 风险感知 糖尿病并发症 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]