超高压拱形爆破片中操作比对爆破压力作用机理仿真研究  

Simulation study on the mechanism of blasting pressure in ultra-high-pressure domed rupture discs with operating ratio

作　　者：鲁寨军[1,2,3] 冯书颖 孙永龙 刘杰夫 LU Zhaijun;FENG Shuying;SUN Yonglong;LIU Jiefu(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track Ministry of Education,Changsha 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,Changsha 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,长沙410075 [2]轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室,长沙410075 [3]轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,长沙410075

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第8期2929-2939,共11页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：湖南省科技创新计划项目(2023RC1026)。

摘　　要：十字开槽正拱形爆破片具有响应快、无碎片飞溅等优点,在使用过程中操作比(工作压力与爆破压力的比值)对爆破性能的影响值得研究。对十字开槽正拱形爆破片进行动态爆破试验,并建立有限元仿真模型,通过动态爆破试验结果验证有限元模型的可靠性;对不同操作比下的爆破片爆破性能进行研究,总结爆破压力变化规律,发现随着操作比的增大,爆破压力出现了减小,在部分情况下,与无操作比影响时的相对偏差大于10%,爆破压力的相对偏差随操作比的增加先增大后减小,转折点出现在操作比为30%~70%的范围内,且转折点对应的操作比随拱高的增加逐渐增大,爆破片的拱高增大,爆破压力的相对偏差整体变小,主要原因与残余应力和塑性形变有关。Domed cross-scored rupture discs are domed-shaped rupture discs featuring cross-scored weakening grooves,that possess advantages such as rapid response and no fragment splatter.They are suitable for ultra-high-pressure blasting scenarios and find extensive applications in industries such as energy and transportation.To investigate the influence and underlying reasons for the effect of the operating ratio(the ratio of operating pressure to burst pressure)on the blasting performance of rupture discs,this paper constructed a dynamic blasting test platform.Dynamic blasting tests were conducted on the domed cross-scored rupture discs,and a finite element simulation model was established.The reliability of the simulation model was validated based on the results of the blasting tests.Operating ratios of 0,30%,50%,70%,and 90%were explored using domed cross-scored rupture discs characterized by four different dome heights.The simulation process comprised two distinct stages:the application of working pressure and the initiation of dynamic blasting.The study focused on quantifying the deformation and residual stress in rupture discs across a spectrum of dome heights,in addition to analyzing the impact of varying operation ratios on the dynamic blasting pressure.The results indicate that as the operating ratio increases,the blasting pressure decreases,with the magnitude of the decrease varying.The stability of the blasting pressure is roughly proportional to the arch height of the rupture disc.In other words,higher arch heights lead to greater blasting pressure stability.Two reasons contribute to this phenomenon:plastic deformation and residual stress.As the operating ratio increases,residual stress increases,causing the blasting pressure to decrease.However,plastic deformation of the ruptured discs increases the blasting pressure.The combined effect of these two factors results in a transition from higher to lower blasting pressures.

关 键 词：安全工程 十字开槽正拱形爆破片 操作比 动态爆破 爆破性能 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]