阶段矿房法二步骤采场地压控制研究  

Investigation into ground pressure control within the two-step stope of the staged mining method

作　　者：李俊平[1] 王瑞瑶 刘先珊[2] 王海泉 王友元 雷高 张文锋 崔晓林 LI Junping;WANG Ruiyao;LIU Xianshan;WANG Haiquan;WANG Youyuan;LEI Gao;ZHANG Wenfeng;CUI Xiaolin(School of Resource Engineering,Xi an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi an 710055,China;School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Hubei Sanxin Gold Copper Co.,Ltd.,Daye 435100,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055 [2]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400045 [3]湖北三鑫金铜股份有限公司,湖北大冶435100

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第8期2981-2986,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：在阶段矿房二步骤开采时,为了减小上盘岩移量,常采纳采场中部切槽并向上盘、下盘两侧回采,从而缩短采场暴露时间,以便减小上盘岩移量。当地压达到流变发生的条件后,缩短采场暴露时间并不能有效控制上盘巷道发生岩移破坏。为此,利用三维连续体快速拉格朗日分析数值模拟采场上盘地压,并根据流变理论分析,采纳低松弛预应力大直径钢绞线锚索支护上盘顶板以便减小上盘地压,从而克服发生流变变形的应力条件。结果表明:在上盘岩体上施加支护抗力可减小或消除高地压导致的流变变形;采纳7排7.0 m长的锚索、每排6根支护上盘顶板后大幅度减小了上盘岩移量,但采场第2分层上排锚索及一步骤采场第3分层局部锚索的锚固力超过设计值;采纳8排7.0 m长的锚索、一步骤采场每排7根、二步骤采场每排6根支护上盘顶板后,即使回采底柱,锚索锚固力也不会达到设计值。监测表明,大直径钢绞线锚索支护后上盘岩移量减小到一般不超过6 mm。To mitigate the displacement of the upper wall rock mass in the two-step mining of the block chambering method,a common practice involves cutting a slot in the middle of the stope and mining towards both sides of the upper and lower walls.This approach aims to minimize the exposed time of the stope and consequently reduce the displacement of the upper wall rock mass.When the ground pressure reaches rheological conditions,simply minimizing the exposed time of the stope may not effectively control rock movement failure.Therefore,employing the Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions(FLAC3D)to simulate the ground pressure of the upper wall of the stope,along with rheological analysis,becomes crucial.In this approach,the roof of the upper wall is supported by low relaxation prestressed large diameter steel strand anchor ropes.This strategy aims to alleviate the ground pressure on the upper wall,thus enabling the mitigation of stress conditions that lead to rheological deformation.The research indicates that applying support resistance to the upper wall rock mass can mitigate or eliminate flow deformation caused by high ground pressure.It was found that the displacement of the upper wall rock mass is significantly reduced when the roof of the upper wall is supported by utilizing 7 rows of 7.0 m long anchor cables,with 6 cables in each row.However,it was observed that the anchoring force of the top row anchor rope in the second layer and the local anchor rope in the third layer of the stope exceeds the design value.By implementing 8 rows of 7.0 m long anchor cables,comprising 7 ropes in one-step stope and 6 ropes in two-step stope,to support the roof of the hanging wall,the anchoring force of the anchor ropes remains below the designed value even after mining the bottom pillar.Monitoring results indicate that the displacement of the upper rock wall is generally reduced to less than 6mm following the installation of large diameter steel strand anchor ropes.Practical application demonstrates that the use of l

关 键 词：安全工程 矿山安全 阶段矿房法 二步骤开采 流变分析 三维连续体快速拉格朗日分析(FLAC3D) 锚索 变形监测 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]