放射性矿山氡及氡子体浓度特征的氡暴露有效剂量估算  

Estimation of effective dose from radon exposure based on radon and progeny concentration characteristics in radioactive mines

作　　者：叶勇军 尚善伟 周宁 王皓枫 YE Yongjun;SHANG Shanwei;ZHOU Ning;WANG Haofeng(School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China;Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第8期3133-3137,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：氡及氡子体暴露剂量是地下放射性矿山工作人员辐射剂量的主要来源。为了掌握氡及氡子体浓度分布并估算氡暴露剂量,对某放射性矿山井下6个典型场所的氡、结合态和未结合态氡子体浓度和通风情况进行了监测,并确定平衡因子和氡子体未结合态份额,依据氡及氡子体浓度特征参数估算该矿井的典型场所的氡暴露有效剂量;基于估算得到的氡暴露有效剂量、生产要求和通风现状,提出了通风降氡的管理措施以确保矿井生产安全。结果显示:(1)该放射性矿山井下典型场所的平衡因子在0.02~0.29,氡子体未结合态份额在0.034~0.098,平衡因子与氡子体未结合态份额之间存在负相关性。(2)正常生产场所的氡暴露年有效剂量E_(Rn1)和E_(Rn2)分别为0.17~19.70 mSv和0.11~16.52 mSv,均低于20 mSv。To elucidate the distribution of radon and its progeny concentrations as well as to assess radon exposure doses,this study employed a SCARDEQF3220 instrument to monitor radon concentrations,both attached and unattached radon progeny,alongside environmental parameters and ventilation conditions across various typical underground locales within a radioactive mine.These locales included stopes,the single-head excavation face,adit entry,and the signal station.Such comprehensive monitoring facilitated the assessment of equilibrium factors and the proportion of unattached radon progeny,enabling precise on-site measurement of core parameters essential for estimating effective radon exposure doses.Subsequent analyses,predicated on these characteristic parameters,estimated the effective radon exposure doses for these typical mine locations.These estimations took into account production requirements and prevailing ventilation conditions,guiding the formulation of a proposal aimed at enhancing mine safety.Proposed measures encompass improved ventilation to lower radon concentrations,prevention of ore pile accumulation,application of radon-resistant coatings,and mandatory mask usage as key management strategies.The findings reveal that:(1)The measurement outcomes from typical underground locations within the radioactive mine demonstrate that the equilibrium factor varies between 0.02 and 0.29,with the unattached fraction ranging from 0.034 to 0.098.(2)Furthermore,the experimental data unveil a negative correlation between the equilibrium factors and the unattached fractions of radon progeny,suggesting that an increase in the equilibrium factor is associated with a decrease in the unattached fraction of radon progeny.(3)The analysis contrasted the estimates of radon exposure doses using the dose conversion factor recommended by the International Committee on Radiological Protection(ICRP)with those derived from the calculated dose conversion factor based on the unattached fraction of radon progeny.The estimated exposure ranges

关 键 词：安全卫生工程技术 氡 氡子体 平衡因子 未结合态份额 剂量估算 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]