硬质合金铣刀刃口优化及切削寿命研究  

Research on Cutting Edge Geometry Optimization and Life Improvement of Carbide Milling Tools

作　　者：田承金 陈云 翁剑 李树强 杨岩 万礼扬 庄可佳 Tian Chengjin;Chen Yun;Weng Jian;Li Shuqiang;Yang Yan;Wan Liyang;Zhuang Kejia

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学机电工程学院 [2]成都工具研究所有限公司 [3]多特蒙德工业大学加工技术研究所 [4]株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司

出　　处：《工具技术》2024年第8期26-32,共7页Tool Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175482);广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(2021B0301030001)。

摘　　要：刀具切削寿命是高端制造领域中重要的评价环节,能够直接影响切削效率与企业效益。刀具的宏观几何结构是影响刀具切削寿命的重要因素之一,而刀具微刃口作为工件与刀具的直接接触区域,其刃型结构也是影响刀具寿命的关键因素。本文通过立式旋转钝化法制备了具有对称型与非对称型微刃几何的硬质合金铣刀,并通过AISI1045钢铣削实验进行对比分析,研究了不同微刃结构对铣刀寿命的影响,实现了刀具微刃结构的优化设计。实验结果表明:经钝化处理的微刃表面形貌质量得到显著提升,前后刀面钝化速率的差值是形成不同微刃结构的关键因素,不同微刃结构下的后刀面磨损以沟纹磨损为主,优化后的铣刀能够有效抑制刀具崩刃,减缓刀具磨损速率,形状因子K=0.5、钝圆半径R=11μm的优化方案寿命提升最为明显,增益高达25%。As one of the most important evaluation links in the high-end manufacturing,tool life can directly affects cutting efficiency and enterprise benefits.The macro geometry of the tool is one of the important factors affecting its cutting life.However,as the direct contact area between the workpiece and the tool,the micro structure of cutting-edge is also a fetal factor affecting the tool life.In this paper,carbide milling cutters with symmetrical and asymmetrical cutting-edge geometries are prepared by vertical rotational passivation method.Through the comparative analysis of AISI1045 steel milling experiment,the influence of different cutting-edge geometries on tool life is studied.The optimized design of the cutting-edge geometry of the tool is reached.The experimental results show that the surface morphology quality of the micro cutting-edge after passivation treatment is significantly improved.The difference in passivation rate between flank face and rake face is the key factor in forming different cutting-edge structure.The groove wear is the main wear model under different micro cutting-edge structures.Optimized milling cutters can effectively suppress tool chipping and slow down the rate of tool wear.The optimized scheme with shape factor K of 0.5 and round radius R of 11μm increase the tool life significantly by 25%.

关 键 词：铣刀 微刃口几何 刀具寿命 AISI1045钢铣削 

分 类 号：TG714[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具] TH162[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]