2012-2022年桓台县猩红热流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Huantai County from 2012 to 2022

作　　者：于莉莉 YU Lili(Huantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo 256400,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]桓台县疾病预防控制中心,山东淄博256400

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2024年第4期219-223,共5页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的探讨2012—2022年桓台县猩红热流行病学特征,为风险评估和采取针对性防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2012—2022年桓台县报告猩红热病例资料进行分析,计数资料组间比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2012—2022年桓台县共报告猩红热病例905例,年均发病率为15.97/10万。2012—2019年报告发病率快速上升,2020—2022年报告发病率明显下降,不同年份之间猩红热发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=426.06,P<0.001)。发病时间呈现春夏季(4至6月)发病高峰和秋冬季(11至1月)发病次高峰。高发地区为少海街道和索镇街道。发病男女性别比为1.59∶1,发病年龄以4~7岁年龄组为主;人群分类以幼托儿童和学生为主。结论2012—2019年桓台县猩红热发病快速上升,2020—2022年明显下降,发病在人群、季节和空间分布上有显著聚集性,还需做好重点人群的监测,并强化高峰季节的防控管理,避免猩红热的扩散。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Huantai County from 2012 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for risk assessment and the adoption of targeted prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of reported scarlet fever cases in Huantai County from 2012 to 2022,andχ^(2) test was used to compare the count data between groups.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 905 cases of scarlet fever were reported in Huantai County from 2012 to 2022,with an average annual incidence rate of 15.97/105.A rapid increase in the reported incidence rate occurred during the period from 2012 to 2019,while a significant decrease from 2020 to 2022,with statistically significant differences in the incidence rate of scarlet fever among different years(χ^(2)=426.06,P<0.001).The time of incidence showed a peak in spring and summer(April-June)and a sub-peak in fall and winter(November-January).The high incidence areas were Shaohai Street and Suozhen Street.The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.59∶1,and the age of onset was dominated by the age group of 4-7 years old.The population categorization was dominated by kindergarten and nursery children and students.Conclusions The incidence of scarlet fever in Huantai County increased rapidly from 2012 to 2019,and decreased significantly from 2020 to 2022.The incidence of the disease had significant aggregation in the population,temporal and spatial distribution.It is necessary for us to do a good job of monitoring the key populations and strengthen the prevention and control management in the peak seasons,so as to avoid the spread of scarlet fever.

关 键 词：猩红热 流行病学分析 风险评估 发病率 三间分布 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R515.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]