2023年绵阳市涪城区居民主要慢性病患病情况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the prevalence and influencing factors of major chronic diseases among residents of Fucheng District in Mianyang City in 2023

作　　者：王蒙杰 侯萍 陈绍辉 李洁 WANG Mengjie;HOU Ping;CHEN Shaohui;LI Jie(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fucheng District,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳市涪城区疾病预防控制中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2024年第4期224-230,270,共8页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的了解绵阳市涪城区居民高血压、糖尿病等主要慢性病患病情况、流行特征及影响因素,为制定辖区慢性病防控策略、评估慢性病防控示范区实施效果提供科学依据。方法2022年10月至2023年5月在绵阳市涪城区内针对常住居民开展社会因素调查,采用标准问卷收集调查对象的一般人口学特征、行为生活习惯等信息,采用构成比、均值、标准差对人口学特征、行为生活习惯等分布进行描述,采用方差分析或Welch方差分析不同性别的各年龄间行为生活方式差异,采用单因素Logistic回归分析影响主要慢性病的相关因素。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析,检验水准为α=0.05。结果绵阳市涪城区居民高血压患病率为20.16%,糖尿病患病率为12.87%,血脂异常的患病率为37.13%。女性、≥50岁年龄段、初中及以下文化程度、家庭人均月收入<3000元、静坐时间>4 h、吸烟、饮酒、暴露二手烟、高盐、重油、蔬菜水果摄入不足、红肉摄入量>100 g、超重或肥胖是影响高血压患病的主要因素(P均<0.05)。男性、初中及以下文化程度、家庭人均月收入<3000元、吸烟、暴露二手烟、饮酒、高盐、重油、蔬菜水果摄入不足、超重或肥胖发生糖尿病的风险相对较高(P均<0.05)。男性、初中及以下文化程度、吸烟、暴露二手烟、饮酒、重油、蔬菜水果摄入不足、红肉摄入量>100 g、超重或肥胖发生血脂异常的风险相对较高(P均<0.05)。结论以“高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常”为代表的慢性病仍是影响绵阳市涪城区居民健康的主要公共卫生问题。“政府主导、多部门协作、专业机构支撑、全社会参与”的慢性病综合防控长效工作机制是预防和减少本地慢性病危害的有效手段和举措。Objective To understand the prevalence,epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of hypertension,diabetes mellitus and other major chronic diseases of the residents in Fucheng District of Mianyang City,and to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention and control strategies of chronic disease in the district,and the assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of chronic disease prevention and control demonstration zones.Methods A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on the general demographic characteristics and behavioral habits of the respondents,and the distribution of demographic characteristics and behavioral habits was described by using the composition ratio,mean,and standard deviation.To analyze the differences in the distribution of behavioral lifestyles among residents of all ages and different gender by using analysis of variance(ANOVA)or welch variance.And the related factors affecting the major chronic diseases were analyzed by using logistic regression method.SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis,the test level was 0.05.Results The prevalence of hypertension was 20.16%,the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 12.87%,and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 37.13%among the residents of Fucheng District.Women,≥50 years old age group,junior high school or lower education level,per capita monthly household income<3000 yuan,meditation time>4 h,smoking,drinking,exposure to secondhand smoke,high salt,heavy oils,insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits,red meat intake>100 g,and overweight or obesity those were the main factors affecting the prevalence of hypertension(all P<0.05).Male,junior high school and below education,per capita monthly household income<3000 yuan,smoking,exposure to second hand smoke,alcohol consumption,high salt,heavy oils,and insufficient vegetable and fruit intake,overweight or obesity had a relatively higher risk of developing diabetes(all P<0.05).Men,junior high school and lower education,smoking,exposu

关 键 词：社区居民 主要慢性病 患病率 影响因素 涪城区 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]