基于长度数据的南海北部深水金线鱼资源评估  

Length-based assessment of Nemipterus bathybius in northern South China Sea

作　　者：刘子凯 许友伟[1] 蔡研聪[1] 孙铭帅[1] 张魁[1] 陈作志[1] LIU Zikai;XU Youwei;CAI Yancong;SUN Mingshuai;ZHANG Kui;CHEN Zuozhi(South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Open-Sea Fishery,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510300,China;College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部外海渔业可持续利用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2024年第4期24-33,共10页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111030001);农业农村部财政项目“南海近海和外海渔业资源调查”(2021—2024);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2023TD05)。

摘　　要：深水金线鱼(Nemipterus bathybius)是南海北部重要的底层经济鱼类,但近年来其资源呈现过度开发的态势。利用2014—2019年在南海北部底拖网调查中采集的3059尾深水金线鱼生物学数据,使用基于长度的贝叶斯生物量评估(Length-based Bayesian biomass estimation method,LBB)和基于长度的繁殖潜力比(Length-based spawning potential ratio,LBSPR)2种数据缺乏条件下的资源评估模型,对其资源状况进行了评估,为其种群科学管理和可持续利用提供技术支撑。结果表明,2014—2019年南海北部深水金线鱼的渐近体长(Linf)、相对自然死亡率(M/K)和50%性成熟体长(L50)分别为23.7 cm、2.33和11.76 cm。LBB模型评估结果显示,其种群资源量水平(B/BMSY)、50%渔获长度与最适可捕长度的比值(Lc/Lc_opt)分别为0.89、0.85,表明深水金线鱼处于轻度过度开发状态和生长型过度捕捞状态。LBSPR模型评估结果显示繁殖潜力比(SPR)为0.19,说明深水金线鱼正处于过度捕捞状态。通过先验参数的不确定性分析,发现LBB和LBSPR对参数Linf的设置极为敏感,对参数M/K的设置比较敏感,因此在使用LBB和LBSPR模型进行评估时应谨慎设置以上2种参数。Yellowbelly threadfin bream(Nemipterus bathybius),an economically important demersal fish species in the northern South China Sea,has been overexploited in recent years.To provide technical support for the scientific management and sustainable utilization of N.bathybius stocks,based on the biological data of 3059 individuals of N.bathybius collected during bottom trawl surveys in the northern South China Sea from 2014 to 2019,we assessed the stock status by using two assessment models[Length-based Bayesian biomass(LBB)and length-based spawning potential ratio(LBSPR)]under data-poor conditions.Results show that the asymptotic fork length(Linf),relative natural mortality(M/K),and 50% sexually mature body length(L50)of N.bathybius in the northern South China Sea from 2014 to 2019 were 23.7 cm,2.33 and 11.76 cm,respectively.The LBB assessment results show that the relative biomass level(B/BMSY)and ratio of length of 50%of the individuals captured by the gear to optimal length-at-first-capture(Lc/Lc_opt)were 0.89 and 0.85,respectively,indicating that N.bathybius was experiencing moderate overfishing and growth overfishing.The LBSPR results show a spawning potential ratio(SPR)of 0.19,indicating that N.bathybius was experiencing overfishing.Uncertainty analysis of the priori parameters reveals that LBB and LBSPR results were extremely sensitive to the setting of Linf and sensitive to the setting of M/K.Therefore,the above two parameters should be set with caution when using LBB and LBSPR.

关 键 词：深水金线鱼 资源评估 数据缺乏 不确定性 资源量 繁殖潜力比 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]