黄河鲤对饲料蛋白质需求量研究  

Research on feed protein requirement of Cyprinus carpio haematopterus

作　　者：瞿飞虎 姜晓娜 葛彦龙[2,3] 翟钰姗 张玲 王继瑶 寇寒 李池陶 胡雪松[2,3] 石潇丹 贾智英[1,2,3] QU Feihu;JIANG Xiaona;GE Yanlong;ZHAI Yushan;ZHANG Ling;WANG Jiyao;KOU Han;LI Chitao;HU Xuesong;SHI Xiaodan;JIA Zhiying(College of Fisheries and Life,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Heilongjiang Institute of Fishery,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics,Harbin 150070,China;Research Center of Carp Genetics and Breeding Engineering Technology,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所/农业农村部水产基因组学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [3]中国水产科学研究院鲤遗传育种工程技术研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2024年第4期124-132,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-45-07);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2023TD35)。

摘　　要：黄河鲤(Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)是中国黄河流域长期自然形成的特有重要淡水经济鱼类,其对饲料蛋白的需求量较其他鲤低。为从生长性状、免疫、代谢等方面探究黄河鲤对不同饲料蛋白水平的适应和利用能力,对初始体质量为(360.22±1.02)g的黄河鲤投喂蛋白质质量分数分别为22.63%(D1)、25.32%(D2)、28.15%(D3)、31.43%(D4)、34.18%(D5)的实验饲料。结果表明:D3组生长性状的体质量增长率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率极显著高于其他组(p<0.01),而饵料系数显著低于其他组(p<0.05)。D3组的生长基因GH、IGF-1和蛋白合成基因TOR、4EBP2的相对表达量显著高于D1、D4和D5组(p<0.05)。D3组血清生化中的谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶含量显著低于D1和D5组,但碱性磷酸酶含量显著高于这两组(p<0.05)。D3组免疫酶活中的α-淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性及还原性谷胱甘肽含量显著高于D1和D5组(p<0.05),而丙二醛含量极显著低于其他组(p<0.01)。D5组氨代谢基因Rhag、Rhbg和Rhcg1的相对表达量显著高于其他组(p<0.05)。拟合回归分析表明,黄河鲤的最佳饲料蛋白需求量约为28.57%~29.04%。Yellow River carp(Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)is a unique and important freshwater economic fish whose demand for feed protein is lower than that of other carps.In order to explore the adaptation and utilization ability of Yellow River carp to different dietary protein contents in terms of growth traits,immunity and metabolism,we fed the yellow carps of initial body mass of(360.22±1.02)g with test diets with protein contents of 22.63%(D1),25.32%(D2),28.15%(D3),31.43%(D4)and 34.18%(D5).The results show that the weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein efficiency were highly significantly higher in D3 group than in the other groups(p<0.01),and the feed coefficient was significantly lower in D3 group than in the other groups(p<0.05).Relative expression of growth genes GH,IGF-1 and protein synthesis genes TOR,4EBP2 were significantly higher in D3 group than in D1,D4 and D5 groups(p<0.05).Serum biochemistry levels of glutamic and glutamic aminotransferase were significantly lower in D3 group than in D1 and D5 groups,but alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly higher in D1 and D5 groups(p<0.05).The enzyme activities of α-amylase,lipase,trypsin,superoxide dismutase,catalase,etc.And the content of reduced glutathione in D3 group was significantly higher than those in D1 and D5 groups(p<0.05),and malondialdehyde was highly significantly lower in D3 group than in the other groups(p<0.01).The relative expressions of Rhag,Rhbg and Rhcg1 among ammonia metabolism genes were significantly higher in D5 group than in other groups(p<0.05).The fit regression analysis shows that the optimal dietary protein requirement of Yellow River carp is about 28.57%-29.04%.

关 键 词：黄河鲤 饲料蛋白质 血清生化 酶活 相对表达 

分 类 号：S965.116[农业科学—水产养殖]