铝热剂应用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Application of Thermite

作　　者：邓正亮 王亚军[1] 刘瑞华 甘强[1] 冯长根[1] DENG Zheng-liang;WANG Ya-jun;LIU Rui-hua;GAN Qiang;FENG Chang-gen(School of Mechatronical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机电学院,北京100081

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2024年第7期575-590,I0001,共17页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.22275018)。

摘　　要：为深入理解铝热剂的应用情况,首先回顾了其发展历程,以实际应用问题为导向,对铝热剂在微含能器件(如微点火器和微推进器)、含能药剂(如烟火药、推进剂及其添加剂、起爆药和炸药添加剂)、材料制备(包括材料制备与合成、材料焊接)及其他领域(如安全装置、微生物灭杀、金属热切割和油井封堵)的应用研究进行了综述,并探讨了铝热剂应用中的安全性问题(包括感度和毒性问题);总结了当前铝热剂应用研究存在的不足,如性能优异的铝热剂种类较为单一、对新应用场景开拓不足、对铝热剂的安全性研究不够深入等问题。最后对铝热剂应用研究未来的研究方向和发展趋势进行了展望,认为未来应朝着开发新型铝热剂、拓展新的应用领域以及深入研究铝热剂应用安全性等方向发展。附参考文献124篇。In order to understand the application of thermite,firstly,the development process is reviewed.Then,guided by practical application problems,the application of thermites in micro energetic devices(such as microigniters and microthrusters),energetic agents(such as pyrotechnics,propellants and their additives,primary explosives,and explosive additives),material preparation(including material preparation and synthesis,material welding),and other fields(such assafety devices,microbial killing,metal thermal cutting and oil well plugging)are reviewed.The safety issues(including sensitivity and toxicity)in the application of thermites are discussed.The shortcomings of the application of thermites research are summarized,such as the type of thermites with excellent performance are relatively simple,the development of new application scenarios is insufficient,and the safety research of thermite is not deep enough.Finally,the future research direction and development trend of thermite application research are prospected,and the development direction should be to develop new thermite,expand new application fields,and further study the application safety of thermite.With 124 references.

关 键 词：铝热剂 铝热反应 含能器件 含能药剂 微点火器件 微推进器 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O642[理学—物理化学]