Zr/EMs(DAP-4、AP、CL-20、HMX)的热分解及燃烧性能  

Thermal Decomposition and Combustion Performances of Zr/EMs(DAP-4,AP,CL-20,HMX)

作　　者：胡立双 梁凯丽 刘洋 孙磊 吕智星 胡双启 HU Li-shuang;LIANG Kai-li;LIU Yang;SUN Lei;LüZhi-xing;HU Shuang-qi(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Shanxi Jiangyang Xing′an Industrial Explosive Materials Co.,Ltd,Taiyuan 030041,China;Explosive Engineering and Safety Technology Research Institute of Ordnance Industry,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]山西江阳兴安民爆器材有限公司,山西太原030041 [3]中国兵器工业火炸药工程与安全技术研究院,北京100053

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2024年第7期623-631,I0003,共10页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52276138);山西省基础研究计划(No.20210302123030,No.202203021212160)。

摘　　要：为了探索金属锆粉(Zr)与高能氧化剂复合体系的热分解以及燃烧性能,以4种含能材料(EMs)AP、CL-20、HMX、DAP-4及其Zr/EMs样品为主体,采用差示扫描量热分析、全自动量热法和自主搭建的燃烧实验系统,对样品的热分解行为、燃烧热及点火燃烧过程进行对比分析,收集部分燃烧产物进行表征;分析了Zr/DAP-4的燃烧机理。结果表明,DAP-4的耐热性能、燃烧热释放等均优于其他EMs样品;添加Zr后样品的燃烧热更高,E a更低且热分解温度保持在373.8℃,燃烧性能优于纯DAP-4。相比于Zr/CL-20和Zr/HMX的热分解,Zr/DAP-4的起始分解温度和峰温更高,表观活化能E a更低,仅为138.7 kJ/mol,燃烧热高达17134 J/g。从燃烧动态可知,Zr/DAP-4的全过程燃烧仅需要170 ms,反应迅速且剧烈,其火焰强度优于其他3种样品。燃烧产物分析表明,Zr/DAP-4燃烧生成了ZrO 2等固体和H 2O、HCl等气体产物。综合分析,Zr/DAP-4具有更高的能量特性和更好的燃烧性能,在未来推进剂配方设计中有很大的应用潜能。In order to explore the thermal decomposition and combustion performances of zirconium powder(Zr)with high-energy oxidant composite,the thermal decomposition behavior,combustion heat and ignition combustion process of four kinds of energetic materials(EMs)of AP,CL-20,HMX,DAP-4 and Zr/EMs samples were compared and analyzed by using differential scanning calorimetry,automatic calorimetry and self-built combustion experimental system.Some combustion products were collected and characterized.The combustion mechanism of Zr/DAP-4 was analyzed.Results show that the thermal stability and combustion heat release of DAP-4 are better than that of the other three EMs samples.The addition of Zr leads to a higher combustion heat and a lower E a value of the sample,the thermal decomposition temperature remains at 373.8℃,and the combustion performance is better than that of pure DAP-4.Compared with the thermal decomposition of Zr/CL-20 and Zr/HMX,Zr/DAP-4 has a higher initial decomposition temperature and peak temperature,a lower apparent activation energy E a(138.7 kJ/mol),and a higher combustion heat(17134 J/g).The entire combustion time of Zr/DAP-4 composite is only 170 ms,indicating a rapid and intense combustion reaction and its flame intensity is also superior to the other three samples.The combustion products of Zr/DAP-4 include solid products such as ZrO 2 and gas products such as H 2O and HCl.Zr/DAP-4 composite energetic material has higher energy characteristics and better combustion performances,which make it has great potential for application in the formulation design of propellants.

关 键 词：物理化学 DAP-4 锆粉 热分解 燃烧性能 释能 高能氧化剂 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O62[理学—有机化学]