赤泥中稀土提取与分离技术研究进展  

Research progress on extraction and separation technology of rare earth from red mud

作　　者：杨佩东 韩桂洪[1,2] 黄艳芳[1,2] 刘兵兵 孙虎 YANG Peidong;HAN Guihong;HUANG Yanfang;LIU Bingbing;SUN Hu(School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001,China;Henan Laboratory of Key Metals,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学关键金属河南实验室,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2024年第8期51-61,共11页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52174263);河南省自然科学基金项目(222300420075,22301420030);河南省高校科技创新人才项目(23HASTIT004)。

摘　　要：稀土元素被誉为“工业维生素”,具有优异的磁、光、电性能。随着新能源汽车等新兴行业对稀土需求量的不断增加,稀土资源日益紧缺,从二次资源中回收稀土已成大势所趋。作为一种重要的二次资源,赤泥的产量高、堆存量大、稀土含量较高。本文介绍了赤泥中稀土元素的赋存状态,概述了从赤泥中提取分离稀土元素的湿法浸出工艺和火法-湿法联合工艺;介绍了溶剂萃取法和离子交换法两种分离工艺的研究现状,对比分析了不同处理工艺的优缺点,并通过比较不同工艺的优劣,指出降低回收成本、提高环境效益是未来赤泥资源化利用研究的重要方向。Rare earth elements are known as"industrial vitamins"and have excellent magnetic,optical,and electrical properties.With the increasing demand for rare earths in emerging industries such as new energy vehicles,rare earth resources are becoming increasingly scarce,and the recovery of rare earths from secondary resources has become a trend.As an important secondary resource,red mud has high yield,large stockpile,and high rare earth content.This paper introduced the occurrence states of rare earth elements in red mud,outlines the wet leaching process and the combined fire-wet process for extracting and separating rare earth elements from red mud;The research status of solvent extraction and ion exchange separation processes was introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages of different treatment processes were compared and analyzed.By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different processes,it was pointed out that reducing recovery costs and improving environmental benefits were important directions for future research on the utilization of red mud resources.

关 键 词：赤泥 稀土提取 湿法浸出工艺 火法-湿法联合工艺 溶剂萃取法 离子交换法 二次资源 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]