2018-2022年四川省流行性出血热流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Sichuan Province from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：汪娟 冯玉亮 周兴余[1] 周久顺[1] WANG Juan;FENG Yuliang;ZHOU Xingyu;ZHOU Jiushun(Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第8期923-931,共9页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的对四川省2018—2022年流行性出血热的流行特征及发病趋势进行了分析,为今后的流行性出血热防控策略提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对四川省2018—2022年流行性出血热病例的时间、地区、人群等流行特征进行分析;运用SPSS 23.0软件对其发病的差异进行χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2018—2022年四川省共报告855例流行性出血热,确诊病例占71.81%,临床诊断病例占28.19%,死亡3例。年均报告发病率为0.20/10万,年均报告死亡率为0.01/10万。2018—2022年整体发病情况呈现低位波动下降趋势。发病数和发病率居首位的县(区)均为凉山彝族自治州盐源县,其报告发病数占全省的81.52%,主导着全省的疫情流行特征。连续5年有病例报告的县(区)有凉山彝族自治州盐源县、广安市武胜县,其中4年有病例报告的县(区)有达州市渠县和凉山彝族自治州木里藏族自治县、会东县、会理市。全省发病时间呈现双峰分布,高峰在4至5月(252/855,29.47%),小高峰在11至12月(137/855,16.02%);发病数最多的年龄组为10~14岁(104/855,12.16%);16~60岁之外人群占33.92%(290/855);男女性别比例为2.13(582/855,68.07%):1(273/855,31.93%);发病数最多的职业为农民(558/855,65.26%),其次为学生(188/855,21.99%)。结论四川省流行性出血热疫情呈现地方聚集性,主要集中在凉山彝族自治州盐源县。建议在盐源县持续开展疫情监测、以灭鼠防鼠为主的爱国卫生运动、防控宣教、适龄人群全程接种疫苗等针对性防控措施。Objective To analyze the prevalence characteristics and incidence trend of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Sichuan province from 2018 to 2022,so as to provide references for epidemic hemorrhagic fever prevention and control strategies in the future.Methods The descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the time,region and population;SPSS 23.0 software was used to test the difference in incidence byχ^(2) test,with the difference P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results From 2018 to 2022,total of 855 cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever were reported in Sichuan Province,with 71.81%of confirmed cases,28.19%of clinically diagnosed cases,and 3 deaths.The annual reported incidence was 0.20/105 and mortality 0.01/105.From 2018 to 2022,the overall incidence situation showed a downward trend of low fluctuation.The counties(districts)with the first number of cases and incidence rates were Yanyuan county,Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture,whose reported number of cases accounted for 81.52%of the province,which leading the epidemic characteristics of the province.The counties(districts)in which cases had been reported for five consecutive years are Yanyuan county of Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture and Wusheng county of Guang'an city.The counties(districts)with cases reported for four years include Quxian county of Dazhou city and Muli Tibetan autonomous county,Huidong county and Huili city of Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture.The onset time in the province presents a bimodal distribution,the peak was in April-May(252/855,29.47%),small peak was in November-December(137/855,16.02%);The age group with the highest incidence of cases was from 10 to 14 years(104/855,12.16%);People outside of 16 to 60 years old accounted for 33.92%(290/855);The male-female sex ratio was 2.13(582/855,68.07%):1(273/855,31.93%);The occupation with the highest incidence was farmers(558/855,65.26%),next up were the students(188/855,21.99%).Conclusions The epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Sichuan Province showed a local cluster,mainly con

关 键 词：流行性出血热 流行特征 盐源县 防控措施 

分 类 号：R373.3[医药卫生—病原生物学]