2019-2023年广汉市肺结核流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Tuberculosisin Guanghan City from 2019 to 2023

作　　者：罗竹 廖纪芳 马莉 吴朝学[2] LUO Zhu;LIAO Jifang;MA Li;WU Chaoxue(Guanghan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guanghan 618300,Sichuan Province,China;Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广汉市疾病预防控制中心,四川广汉618300 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第8期932-937,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川现场流行病学培训项目第7期。

摘　　要：目的为了解和掌握广汉市结核病流行特点,为制定肺结核病预防控制措施提供依据。方法按发病日期和报告地址在中国疾病预防控制信息系统选取2019—2023年居住地在广汉市的肺结核病例进行流行病描述分析。用Excel 2016软件整理数据,用χ^(2)检验比较构成比和报告发病率,用趋势χ^(2)检验比较变化趋势,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2019—2023年广汉市肺结核报告数920例,平均年报告发病率为29.84/10万,各年度报告发病率分别为40.03/10万、28.03/10万、29.23/10万、23.68/10万和28.53/10万,各年度报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=30.026,P<0.001),呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=15.174,P<0.001),年均递降率为8.12%。广汉市肺结核报告发病数的月份分布总体差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=105.785,P<0.001);各乡镇街的年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=221.988,P<0.001);职业中占比前2的是农民和牧民、家务及待业人员;男性病例数约为女性病例数的2.45倍。男性的平均报告发病率与女性相比,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=162.306,P<0.001);各年龄组的男性的报告病例数都高于女性,男性肺结核发病年龄主要分布在45~<60岁组,女性肺结核发病年龄主要分布在60~<70岁组。结论2019—2023年广汉市的肺结核报告发病率在总体上呈现下降的趋势,但今后仍需加强冬春过渡时期、中心城区、农民、家庭及失业人员、男性、中老年人等重点时期和人群的结核病防控工作。Objective In order to understand and master the characteristics of tuberculosis epidemic in Guanghan City,and to provide the basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures of corresponding tuberculosis.Methods A total of 920 cases of tuberculosis in Guanghan by region,age,population and month of residence during 2019-2023 were selected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System according to the onset date.Excel 2016 software was used to organize the data,χ^(2) test was used to compare the composition ratio and reported incidence,and trendχ^(2) test was used to test the change trend of performance,the difference P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results There were 920 cases of tuberculosis reported in Guanghan city from 2019 to 2023,the average annual reported incidence was 29.84/105,the incidence rates reported in each year were 40.03/105,28.03/105,29.23/105,23.68/105 and 28.53/105,respectively.And the reported incidence rate in 5 years showed a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=30.026,P<0.001),showing a decreasing trend(χ_(trend)^(2) =15.174,P<0.001),with an average annual decline rate of 8.12%;There was significant difference in the monthly distribution of reported cases of tuberculosis in Guanghan City(χ^(2)=105.785,P<0.001).The average annual reported incidence was significantly different in each township(χ^(2)=221.988,P<0.001).The top two occupations were farmers and herdsmen,domestic workers and job-waiting people;The number of male cases was about 2.45 times that of female cases.The average reported incidence was significantly different between males and females(χ^(2)=162.306,P<0.001).The number of reported cases in males of all age groups was higher than that in females.The age of onset of tuberculosis in males was mainly distributed in 45-60 years old group,and the age of onset of tuberculosis in females was mainly distributed in 60-70 years old group.Conclusions The reported incidence of tuberculosis in Guanghan City from 2019 to 2023 sho

关 键 词：肺结核 报告发病率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]