某型快捷棚车振动特性研究  

Research on Vibration Characteristics of a Certain Type of Tapid Box Car

作　　者：孙雪伟 张强 丁晓希 张阿龙 SUN XUEWEI;ZHANG QIANG;DING XIAOXI;ZHANG ALONG(CRRC QIQIHAR ROLLING STOCK CO.,LTD.,Qiqihar 161002,China;Technology and Information Technology Department of China Railway Harbin Group Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150006,China)

机构地区：[1]中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161002 [2]中国铁路哈尔滨局集团有限公司科技和信息化部,黑龙江哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《哈尔滨铁道科技》2024年第2期19-23,31,共6页Harbin Railway Technology

摘　　要：通过车体、车门模态分析,车辆振动分析,开展了某型快捷棚车振动特性的研究,获得了该车型的振动特性。由车体和车门模态试验结果可知,车体垂向一阶弯曲频率偏低,且车体棚顶易产生同向弯曲振型,对棚顶与端墙和中部支撑相交处产生较大的应力,影响车体结构疲劳可靠性;由于车门具有尺寸大、刚度低和被约束能力差等特点,导致车门易产生摆动、串动和弯曲变形。采用美国六级轨道谱开展了整车振动分析试验,车辆垂向、横向运行品质均满足标准GB/T 5599-2019的评定限值规定,垂向、横向平稳性等级均为1级,但车门顶端与轨道和相邻车门之间存在相互撞击现象,使车门局部产生较大的振动。试验结果可为快捷棚车研发提供有力支撑,为推进我国快捷运输发展奠定基础。Through modal analysis of the vehicle body and doors,as well as vehicle vibration analysis,a study was conducted on the vibration characteristics of a certain type of rapid box car,and the vibration characteristics of the vehicle model were obtained.According to the modal test results of the vehicle body and door,the vertical first-order bending frequency of the vehicle body is relatively low,and the roof of the vehicle body is prone to generate the same bending vibration mode,which generates significant stress at the intersection of the roof,end wall,and middle support,affecting the fatigue reliability of the vehicle body structure;Due to the characteristics of large size,low stiffness,and poor constraint ability of the car door,it is prone to swinging,string motion,and bending deformation.The vehicle vibration analysis test was conducted using the American Level 6 track spectrum for the whole vehicle vibration test.The vertical and horizontal running quality of the vehicle met the evaluation limit requirements of the standard CB/T 5599-2019,and the vertical and horizontal smoothness levels were both level 1.However,there was a collision phenomenon between the top of the door and the track,as well as between adjacent doors,causing significant local vibration of the door.The experimental results can provide strong support for the development of rapid box cars and lay a foundation for promoting the development of fast transportation in China.

关 键 词：快捷棚车 试验模态分析 模态试验 振动试验 

分 类 号：U270.389[机械工程—车辆工程]