玉米新月弯孢菌次级代谢产物的分离纯化及除草活性  

Isolation,purification and herbicidal activity of secondary metabolites from Curvularia lunata

作　　者：彭博文 岳静 王轶楠 李海燕 PENG Bowen;YUE Jing;WANG Yinan;LI Haiyan(College of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China;Center for Biological Invasions,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110003,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学环境与安全工程学院,沈阳110142 [2]沈阳大学生物入侵研究中心,沈阳110003

出　　处：《农药》2024年第8期572-576,共5页Agrochemicals

基　　金：沈阳化工大学博士启动基金(51045049)。

摘　　要：[目的]寻找具有除草活性的新型农药先导化合物。[方法]对玉米新月弯孢菌的菌体及发酵滤液次级代谢产物分别进行萃取,将所获得的二氯甲烷萃取物和萃余物作为粗毒素。通过杂草幼苗生长抑制试验寻找除草活性最佳的粗毒素,并使用多种色谱方法对其进行分离纯化,检测纯化物的除草活性。[结果]在200 mg/L质量浓度下,菌体粗毒素对稗草和反枝苋幼苗生长的抑制作用显著高于发酵滤液,且萃取物毒性显著高于萃余物。将菌体二氯甲烷萃取物分离纯化获得3个单体化合物,分别鉴定为bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(1)、ergosterol(2)和(RS)-2-propylhexyl-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate(3)。在200 mg/L质量浓度下,化合物2对荠菜胚根生长的抑制率为44.26%,化合物3对反枝苋和荠菜的胚根以及马唐胚芽生长的抑制率分别为30.64%、55.8%、20.98%。[结论](RS)-2-Propylhexyl-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate(3)有成为农药先导化合物的潜力。[Aims]The aim of this study is to find novel lead compounds with herbicidal activity.[Methods]The secondary metabolites of mycelia and fermentation broth of Curvularia lunata were extracted by dichloromethane.The extracts and extraction residues were used as crude toxins to investigate their herbicidal activity by a seedling growth inhibition assay.The crude toxin with the highest activity was separated and purified using various chromatographic methods.All isolated compounds were evaluated for their herbicidal activities against 4 weeds.[Results]At the concentration of 200 mg/L,crude toxins from mycelia had a stronger inhibitory effect on the seedling growth of Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus retroflexus than those from fermentation broth,and the toxicity of the dichloromethane extracts was higher than that of extraction residues.The dichloromethane extract of the mycelia was isolated and purified to obtain 3 compounds,which were identified as bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(1),ergosterol(2)and(RS)-2-propylhexyl-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate(3).At the concentration of 200 mg/L,compound 2 decreased the root growth of Capsella bursa-pastoris by 44.26%,compound 3 inhibited the root growth of A.retroflexus and C.bursa-pastoris and the shoot growth of Digitaria sanguinalis,with inhibition rates of30.64%,55.8%and 20.98%respectively.[Conclusions](RS)-2-Propylhexyl-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate(3)has the potential to be used as a lead compound for the development of new herbicides.

关 键 词：玉米新月弯孢菌 次级代谢产物 分离纯化 除草活性 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]