不同种衣剂对花生根腐病和白绢病病原菌抑菌效果及田间药效试验  

Inhibitory ability and field efficacy trials of seed coating agents against pathogenic fungi causing peanut root rot and white silk disease

作　　者：何伟[1] 罗文芳 周军辉 宋素琴[1] 许建军[1] 苗昊翠[2] HE Wei;LUO Wenfang;ZHOU Junhui;SONG Suqin;XU Jianjun;MIAO Haocui(Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis Ministry of Agriculture,Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety,Urumqi 830091,China;Institute of Cash Crop Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业部西北荒漠作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,新疆农业生物安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《农药》2024年第8期609-614,共6页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“花生绿色优质丰产高效智慧生产体系研建和应用”2022YFD1000105;新疆油料产业技术体系(XJARS-05)。

摘　　要：[目的]探明不同种衣剂对花生根腐病和白绢病防治效果,为生产应用提供理论依据。[方法]采用平板抑菌法和田间小区试验。[结果]室内抑菌试验结果表明:0.3%四霉素水剂0.08 mg a.i./L处理和3.5%精甲·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂1.89 mg a.i./L处理对尖孢镰刀菌和齐整小核菌抑制率最好,抑制率分别为62.71%和98.71%;田间试验结果表明:0.3%四霉素水剂0.51 mg a.i./100kg种子处理和3.5%精甲·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂12.60 mg a.i./100kg种子处理对花生根腐病和白绢病防治效果最好,防治效果分别为82.16%和74.72%;各处理花生出苗率在92%以上;3.5%精甲·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂12.60 mg a.i./100kg种子处理小区花生产量最高,花生鲜质量和干质量分别为3.21、1.54 kg。[结论]0.3%四霉素水剂(0.51 mg a.i./100kg种子)和3.5%精甲·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂(12.60 mg a.i./100kg种子)可分别有效防治花生根腐病和白绢病。[Aims]The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of different seed coating agents in controlling peanut root rot and white silk disease,thereby providing a theoretical foundation for their production and application.[Methods]The mycelial growth rate method and field plot trial were employed.[Results]The results of laboratory fungistatic test showed that the inhibition rates of tetramycin 0.3%aqueous solution at 0.08 mg a.i./L and metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil 3.5%suspension concentrate for seed treatment at 1.89 mg a.i./L exhibited the highest efficacy against Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii,with inhibition rates reaching 62.71%and98.71%,respectively.The results of field trial show that the treatments of tetramycin 0.3%aqueous solution at 0.51 mg a.i./100kg seed and metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil 3.5%suspension concentrate for seed treatment at 12.60 mg a.i./100kg seed,demonstrated superior control over peanut root rot and white rot disease,achieving control efficacy of 82.16%and 74.72%,respectively.Each treatment resulted in a seedling emergence rate exceeding92%.Among all treatments,the highest peanut yield was observed in plots treated with metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil3.5%suspension concentrate for seed treatment applied at 12.60 mg a.i./100kg seed,resulting in a fresh weight of3.21 kg and a dry weight of 1.54 kg.[Conclusions]Tetramycin 0.3%aqueous solution(0.51 mg a.i./100kg seed)and metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil 3.5%suspension concentrate for seed treatment(12.60 mg a.i./100kg seed)has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy for controlling peanut root rot and white silk disease,respectively.

关 键 词：花生 根腐病 白绢病 抑制率 防治效果 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]