低共熔溶剂法提取棉秆纤维素及其对PP性能的影响  

Extraction of Cotton Stalk Cellulose by the Low Eutectic Solvent Method and Its Effects on PP Properties

作　　者：李鸿环 徐卉桐 叶勒扎提·阿依提别克 买买提江·依米提[1] 刘民 LI Honghuan;XU Huitong;AYTIBEKE Yelzati;YIMIT Mamatjan;LIU Min(School of Chemical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学化工学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《塑料工业》2024年第7期39-45,共7页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(21764013)。

摘　　要：为减缓废弃棉秆造成的环境压力,提高棉秆副产物的综合利用,以及改善聚丙烯(PP)的强度与刚性的不足,采用低共熔溶剂(DES)分离棉秆中的纤维素并分析提取物的各项性能及其对PP热重分析性能的影响。结果表明,纤维素改性对PP的结晶度、结晶温度、吸水性能、流变性能和力学性能产生影响。当在PP中添加4 phr的通过低共熔溶剂提取出的纤维素(DESC),可以在不影响PP结晶特性的条件下提高结晶度;试样的T_(c)上升至112.45℃,冲击强度为4.47 kJ/m^(2)较纯PP试样提高20.13%,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率略有下降,在流变性能方面10 min静态扭矩下降趋势最缓;同时,PP/DESC改性材料虽然吸水率会随着DESC含量的增加而增长,但DESC含量从2 phr增加到8 phr时,该材料的吸水性没有大幅提高。To alleviate the environmental pressure caused by waste cotton stalks,improve the comprehensive use of cotton stalk by-products,and improve the strength and rigidity of polypropylene(PP),the low eutectic solvents(DES)were used to separate cellulose from cotton stalks,the properties of the extracts and their influences on the thermogravimetric analysis performances of PP were analyzed.The results show that the cellulose modifications affect the crystallinity,crystallization temperature,water absorption,rheological and mechanical properties of PP.When the mass fraction of additive cellulose extracted by the low eutectic solvents(DESC)is 4%,the crystallinity could be increased without affecting the crystalline properties of PP.T_(c) of the specimen increases to 112.45℃,and the impact strength of the specimen is 4.47 kJ/m^(2),which is 20.13%higher than that of pure PP specimen.The tensile strength and elongation at break slightly decrease.In the aspect of the rheological properties,the ten-min static torque has the slowest decreasing tendency.At the same time,although the water absorption of the PP/DESC modified material increases with the increase of DESC content,there is no significant increase in the water absorption of the material when the DESC content increases from 2 phr to 8 phr.

关 键 词：低共熔溶剂 聚丙烯 棉秆纤维素 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]