国家安全视域下新兴技术治理的中国路径  

China's approach of emerging technology governance from the perspective of national security

作　　者：郭滕达 胡志坚[1] 朱欣乐[1] GUO Teng-da;HU Zhi-jian;ZHU Xin-yue(Chinese Academy of Science and Technology for Development,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术发展战略研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《科学学研究》2024年第8期1587-1595,共9页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家高端智库课题“重大科技项目实施非对称战略的路径和策略”(ZXZK202307)。

摘　　要：新兴技术的发展拓展了国家安全的时空领域,对经济、社会带来不可预知的冲击。从全球范围来看,新兴技术治理与国家安全实践面临很多挑战,例如,新兴技术治理手段难以跟上新兴技术发展步伐、新兴技术治理举措面临“科林格里奇困境”、新兴技术治理体系呈现碎片化特征,这些挑战成为国家安全视域下新兴技术治理研究的逻辑起点。后疫情时代,过度安全化倾向性下新兴技术治理能力的博弈仍将是大国关系的“新常态”。当前,我国维护国家安全和社会稳定的任务十分艰巨,面对近代百年未有之大变局,只有顺应科技创新、治理创新的潮流和趋势,抓住新兴技术治理中的重要着力点,对中国式现代化道路中的关键、短板、风险进行系统的战略考量,才能深入推进国家安全体系和能力现代化。本文建议,应推动我国新兴技术治理的范式转变,具体而言,将信息化作为发展的战略主线、建立适应“无人区”科技创新规律的体制机制、探索构建以用促治的治理模式、做好应对大国博弈的预案、基于场景分析提供治理解决方案、营造更为开放的技术生态、构建平战结合的自适应机制,进而逐渐探索出中国式的新兴技术治理道路,为以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴提供解决方案。The development of emerging technologies has expanded the space and time domain of national security,bringing unpredictable impacts on the economy and society.From a global perspective,the governance of emerging technologies and national security practices face many challenges.For example,the governance means of emerging technologies cannot keep up with the pace of the development of emerging technologies,the governance measures of emerging technologies are faced with the"Klingeridge dilemma",and the governance system of emerging technologies presents the characteristics of fragmentation.These challenges have become the logical starting point for the study of emerging technologies governance from the perspective of national security.In the post-COVID-19 era,the game of governance capacity of emerging technologies under the tendency of over-security will remain the"new normal"of major-country relations.At present,China faces an arduous task to safeguard national security and social stability.In the face of major changes unseen in modern times,we must follow the trend and trend of scientific and technological innovation and governance innovation,seize the important points in the governance of emerging technologies,and systematically and strategically consider the key,weak links and risks on the path of China-style modernization.Only in this way can we further modernize our national security system and capabilities.We must see the dual nature of emerging technology governance.On the one hand,we should avoid the national security risks caused by insufficient governance capacity.On the other hand,we should also avoid over-governance or disorderly governance which may curb the progress and development of emerging technology.After years of practice,China has gradually formed an emerging technology governance system composed of diversified dimensions such as strategy,resource allocation,and rules,but there are still some important practical problems that need to be solved urgently.For example,the governance of emerging t

关 键 词：新兴技术 治理 国家安全 

分 类 号：C301[社会学]