两类科技人才成长环境差异性的模糊组态分析  

FsQCA analysis of differences of two kinds of scientific and technological talents'growth environment

作　　者：汤超颖 徐家冰 毛适博 TANG Chao-ying;XU Jia-bing;MAO Shi-bo(School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院,北京100190

出　　处：《科学学研究》2024年第8期1656-1665,共10页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：高层次科技人才流入与研发团队创造力的关联研究(71974178);高新技术产业突破性创新的形成机制与模式研究(71932009);基于制度逻辑的科研团队突破性创造力形成机理:以国家重点实验室为例(E2E40806X2)。

摘　　要：科技人才成长所需的外部情境是由多种外部因素组合形成,基础研究工作与技术开发工作存在性质差异,两类科技人才成长所对应的外部情境由此可能具有差异性,明确两类人才成长的外部情境差异将有助于科技人才成长管理和政策制定。采用模糊组态分析了来自中国科学院30个研究所从事基础研究与技术开发的共115名科技人才和48名普通科研人员的外部成长要素数据,发现从事基础研究工作的科技人才成长强调“名师高徒”,只有少量基础研究人才来自非高层次本科高校并经出国学习或项目历练得以成才;从事技术开发工作的科技人才主要通过科研项目历练得以成长,他们的成长对本科高校层次也有较高要求。值得注意的是,在两类科技人才成长情境中,团队规模不起作用或起负向作用。最后,讨论了相关理论贡献与管理启示。The growth of scientific and technological talents requires a combination of external factors.Among the kinds of external factors,six of them were widely recognized:quality of higher education,study abroad,academic reputation of mentors,team size,project funding,and project counts.However,the empirical results of their effects keep controversy.The main reason of the conflict findings may rest on the fact that the nature of work between scientific research and technology development is different,which then lead to the differences in the external growth environment of scientific and technological talents.This raises up an important research question:will the growth environment of talents doing scientific work or doing technology development work domain specific or domain general?Answering this question will shed light on the scientific and technological talents'management and policy making.It is dfficult to obtain the package of multiple factors for the growth of scientific and technological talents by using qualitative research method or regression analysis method.The good news is that the configuration analysis method is appropriate to be used to analyzethe jointeffectsofmultiplefactors.The samples of this study included 115 scientific and technological talents and 48 ordinary researchers from 30 research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,whom engaged in basic research work and technology development work.The data of their six external environment factors(quality of higher education,study abroad,academic reputation of mentors,team size,project funding,and project counts)were collected.Results of the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis turned out that the growth of scientific and technological talents engaged in basic research work was heavily dependent on"famous supervisor and excellent student".Only a small number of research talents study undergraduate at non top universities,meanwhile have abroad learning and working experiences,or have research projects leading experiences.Conversely,the ma

关 键 词：科技人才 人才成长 基础研究 技术开发 

分 类 号：G316[文化科学]