提高热离子能量转换效率的核心因素初析  

Preliminary Analysis of the Core Factors for Improving Efficiency of Thermionic Energy Conversion

作　　者：倪文涛 罗琦 钟武烨 吕征[1] Ni Wentao;Luo Qi;Zhong Wuye;Lyu Zheng(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing,102413,China;Committee on Science and Technology of China National Nuclear Corporation,Beijing,100822,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]中国核工业集团有限公司科技委,北京100822

出　　处：《核动力工程》2024年第4期134-141,共8页Nuclear Power Engineering

基　　金：中核集团青年英才科研项目(219602)。

摘　　要：高效热离子能量转换技术是提升热离子燃料元件热电转换效率、推动空间热离子反应堆电源向更大功率和更长寿命迈进的核心关键技术。为探究提高热离子能量转换效率的核心因素,本文从热离子能量转换的基本原理出发,从发射极的改进、接收极的改进和电弧压降的降低三个方面综述了提升热离子燃料元件热电转换效率的方法。分析表明,大幅提升热电转换效率的明确方向是接收极的改进,关键是新一代低吸铯功函数接收极材料的研发。Efficient thermionic energy conversion technology is the key technology for improving the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of thermionic fuel elements and promoting the space thermionic reactor power supply towards higher power and longer lifetime.To explore the key factors that improve the efficiency of thermionic energy conversion,this article starts from the basic principle of thermionic energy conversion and summarizes the methods to improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of thermionic fuel elements from three aspects:improvement of the emitter,improvement of the collector,and reduction of arc voltage drop.Analysis shows that the clear direction for significantly improving thermoelectric conversion efficiency is the improvement of the collector,and the key is the development of a new generation of low absorption cesium work function collector materials.

关 键 词：高效热离子能量转换技术 热离子燃料元件 热电转换效率 接收极材料 

分 类 号：TL31[核科学技术—核技术及应用]